Gas exchange, biomass allocation and water-use efficiency in response to elevated CO2 and drought in andiroba (Carapa surinamensis, Meliaceae)

doi:10.3832/ifor2813-011

Gas exchange, biomass allocation and water-use efficiency in response to elevated CO₂ and drought in andiroba (Carapa surinamensis, Meliaceae)

Marcilia Freitas de Oliveira⁽¹⁾, Ricardo Antonio Marenco⁽²⁾

iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, Volume 12, Issue 1, Pages 61-68 (2019)
doi: https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor2813-011
Published: Jan 24, 2019 - Copyright © 2019 SISEF

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Prolonged droughts are predicted for some parts of the Amazon; however, it is still unclear how Amazonian trees will respond to water stress under the ongoing increase in CO₂ concentration. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of elevated CO₂ (eCO₂) and drought on photosynthetic rates, water-use efficiency, and biomass allocation in andiroba (Carapa surinamensis). The plants were grown in pots at ambient (400 ppm CO₂) and eCO₂ (700 ppm) at two water regimes, soil at 50% field capacity, FC (drought) and soil at 100% FC for 163 days. We measured light saturated photosynthesis on a mass basis (A_sat-mass), stomatal conductance to CO₂ on a mass basis (g_sCO2-mass), whole-plant water-use efficiency (WUE_P), biomass accumulation, specific leaf area (SLA) and total leaf area. At eCO₂, A_sat-massincreased 28% in well-watered plants and 93% under drought, whereas g_sCO2-massdeclined 39% in well-watered plants at eCO₂, with no effect of drought on g_sCO2-mass at eCO₂. The total biomass gain improved 73% at eCO₂ and over CO₂ levels it was reduced (54%) by drought. WUE_P improved (188%) at eCO₂ in well-watered plants and 262% under drought. SLA declined 23% at eCO₂, but the effect of drought on SLA was null. On the contrary, total leaf area was greatly reduced (67%) by drought, but it was not affected by eCO₂. The large increase in total biomass and the substantial improvement in WUE_P under eCO₂, and the sharp decline in leaf area under water stress widen our knowledge on the physiology of this important species for the forest management of large areas in the Amazon region.

Keywords

Carboxylation Efficiency, Nonstructural Carbohydrates, Specific Leaf Area, Shoot-root Ratio, Tree Growth

Authors’ address

(1)

Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Botany Graduate Program, Avenida André Araújo, 2936, 69067-375 Manaus, AM (Brazil)

(2)

Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia -INPA, Coordination of Environmental Dynamic, Tree Ecophysiology Laboratory, 69067-375 Manaus, AM (Brazil)

Corresponding author

Ricardo Antonio Marenco
rmarenco@inpa.gov.br

Citation

Oliveira MF, Marenco RA (2019). Gas exchange, biomass allocation and water-use efficiency in response to elevated CO₂ and drought in andiroba (Carapa surinamensis, Meliaceae). iForest 12: 61-68. - doi: 10.3832/ifor2813-011

Academic Editor

Rossella Guerrieri

Paper history

Received: Apr 14, 2018
Accepted: Nov 14, 2018

First online: Jan 24, 2019
Publication Date: Feb 28, 2019
Publication Time: 2.37 months

Open Access

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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