The information about the impacts of thinning on the availability of micro-nutrients, as well as macro-nutrients other than N, P and K, is still scarce. We assessed the changes in the concentrations of 12 elements (Al, B, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, N, Na, P and Zn) with needle age (current year or 1-year-old) and three early thinning treatments in two of the most widely distributed pines in SW Europe: P. pinaster and P. radiata. Four treatments were setup in triplicate: control (C), light thinning (LT), heavy thinning (HT) and selection thinning of dominant trees (ST), with 0%, 10%, 20% and 20% of total basal area removed, respectively. Needle δ15N varied little with needle age and most thinning treatments in both species, but ST triggered an increase of N in P. pinaster needles. Needle Ca and Na increased with age, but were unaffected by treatment. Foliar K, Zn and Cu decreased with age in both species and increased with ST only in P. pinaster. Jointly considering all treatments, there was no needle age effect on Mn concentration, neither in P. radiata nor in P. pinaster, but in the latter species Mn levels increased with age in the selection thinning plots. There were significant thinning effects on Mn levels in both P. pinaster (ST>C) and P. radiata (HT > LT, ST). Foliar Fe and Al concentration increased with age in both pines; the former increased with ST only in P. pinaster while the latter was affected by thinning only in current year needles and without a clear tendency. Neither age nor treatment effects on needle Mg and B were found, while for P needle age had a significant effect only in P. pinaster.
Keywords
, , , ,
Citation
Gómez-Rey MX, Couto-Vázquez A, González-Prieto SJ (2021). Age and thinning effects on elemental composition of Pinus pinaster and Pinus radiata needles. iForest 14: 299-306. - doi: 10.3832/ifor3575-014
Academic Editor
Emanuele Lingua
Paper history
Received: Jul 07, 2020
Accepted: Apr 10, 2021
First online: Jun 08, 2021
Publication Date: Jun 30, 2021
Publication Time: 1.97 months
© SISEF - The Italian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology 2021
Open Access
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Breakdown by View Type
(Waiting for server response...)
Article Usage
Total Article Views: 28974
(from publication date up to now)
Breakdown by View Type
HTML Page Views: 25735
Abstract Page Views: 1363
PDF Downloads: 1553
Citation/Reference Downloads: 2
XML Downloads: 321
Web Metrics
Days since publication: 1262
Overall contacts: 28974
Avg. contacts per week: 160.71
Article Citations
Article citations are based on data periodically collected from the Clarivate Web of Science web site
(last update: Feb 2023)
Total number of cites (since 2021): 1
Average cites per year: 0.33
Publication Metrics
by Dimensions ©
Articles citing this article
List of the papers citing this article based on CrossRef Cited-by.
(1)
Albaugh JM, Blevins L, Allen HL, Albaugh TJ, Fox TR, Stape JL, Rubilar RA (2010)Characterization of foliar macro- and micronutrient concentrations and ratios in loblolly pine plantations in the Southeastern United States. Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 34: 53-64.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(2)
Alvarez-Alvarez P, Afif Khouri E, Cámara-Obregón A, Castedo-Dorado F, Barrio-Anta M (2011)Effects of foliar nutrients and environmental factors on site productivity in
Pinus pinaster Ait. stands in Asturias (NW Spain). Annals of Forest Science 68: 497-509.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(3)
ASTM (2008)Standard specification for reagent water. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, 11.01 Water (I), American Society for Testing Materials International - ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA, USA, pp. D1193-06.
Gscholar
(4)
Bai SH, Dempsey R, Reverchon F, Blumfield TJ, Ryan S, Cernusak LA (2017)Effects of forest thinning on soil-plant carbon and nitrogen dynamics. Plant and Soil 411: 437-449.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(5)
Blanco JA, Imbert JB, Castillo FJ (2009)Thinning affects nutrient resorption and nutrient-use efficiency in two
Pinus sylvestris stands in the Pyrenees. Ecological Applications 19: 682-698.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(6)
Blumfield TJ, Xu ZH, Saffigna PG (2004)Carbon and nitrogen dynamics under windrowed residues during the establishment phase of a second-rotation hoop pine plantation in subtropical Australia. Forest Ecology and Management 200: 279-291.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(7)
Boardman R, McGuire DO (1990)The role of zinc in forestry. I. Zinc in forest environments, ecosystems and tree nutrition. Forest Ecology and Management 37: 167-205.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(8)
Bolat I (2014)The effect of thinning on microbial biomass C, N and basal respiration in black pine forest soils in Mudurnu, Turkey. European Journal of Forest Research 133: 131-139.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(9)
Chase CW, Kimsey MJ, Shaw TM, Coleman MD (2016)The response of light, water, and nutrient availability to pre-commercial thinning in dry inland Douglas-fir forests. Forest Ecology and Management 363: 98-109.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(10)
Choi WJ, Chang SX, Allen HL, Kelting DL, Ro HM (2005)Irrigation and fertilization effects on foliar and soil carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in a loblolly pine stand. Forest Ecology and Management 213: 90-101.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(11)
Couto-Vázquez A, González-Prieto SJ (2010)Effects of climate, tree age, dominance and growth on δ
15N in young pinewoods. Trees 24: 507-514.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(12)
Couto-Vázquez A, González-Prieto SJ (2014)Effects of biotic and abiotic factors on δ
15N in young
Pinus radiata. European Journal of Forest Research 133: 631-637.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(13)
Davis MR, Coker G, Parfitt RL, Simcock R, Clinton PW, Garrett LG, Watt MS (2007)Relationships between soil and foliar nutrients in young densely planted mini-plots of
Pinus radiata and
Cupressus lusitanica. Forest Ecology and Management 240: 122-130.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(14)
Deligöz A, Bayar E, Karatepe Y, Genç M (2019)Photosynthetic capacity, nutrient and water status following precommercial thinning in Anatolian black pine. Forest Ecology and Management 451: 117533.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(15)
EEA (2006)European forest types: categories and types for sustainable forest management reporting and policy. Technical Report no. 9/ 2006, European Environment Agency - EEA, Copenhagen, Denmark, pp. 111.
Gscholar
(16)
Eimil-Fraga C, Rodriguez-Soalleiro R, Sanchez-Rodriguez F, Perez-Cruzado C, Alvarez-Rodriguez E (2014)Significance of bedrock as a site factor determining nutritional status and growth of maritime pine. Forest Ecology and Management 331: 19-24.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(17)
Emmett BA, Kjonaas OJ, Gundersen P, Koopmans C, Tietema A, Sleep D (1998)Natural abundance of
15N in forests across a nitrogen deposition gradient. Forest Ecology and Management 101: 9-18.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(18)
Gebauer G, Schulze ED (1991)Carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in different compartments of a healthy and a declining
Picea abies forest in the Fichtelgebirge, NE Bavaria. Oecologia 87: 198-207.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(19)
Graham RT, Harvey AE, Jain TB, Tonn JR (1999)The effects of thinning and similar stand treatments on fire behavior in Western forests. PNW-GTR-463, USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR, USA, pp. 27.
Online |
Gscholar
(20)
Hedwall PO, Strengbom J, Nordin A (2013)Can thinning alleviate negative effects of fertilization on boreal forest floor vegetation? Forest Ecology and Management 310: 382-392.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(21)
Hokka H, Penttila T, Hanell B (1996)Effect of thinning on the foliar nutrient status of Scots pine stands on drained boreal peatlands. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26: 1577-1584.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(22)
Inagaki Y, Kuramoto S, Torii A, Shinomiya Y, Fukata H (2008)Effects of thinning on leaf-fall and leaf-litter nitrogen concentration in hinoki cypress (
Chamaecyparis obtusa Endlicher) plantation stands in Japan. Forest Ecology and Management 255: 1859-1867.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(23)
Jiménez MN, Navarro FB (2015)Monthly foliar-nutrient pattern in a semiarid Aleppo pine plantation five years after thinning. Forest Ecology and Management 343: 63-72.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(24)
Knapp BO, Wang GG, Walker JL, Hu H (2016)Using silvicultural practices to regulate competition, resource availability, and growing conditions for
Pinus palustris seedlings underplanted in
Pinus taeda forests. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 46: 902-913.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(25)
Lambert MJ, Turner J (1977)Dieback in high site quality
Pinus radiata stands - the role of sulphur and boron deficiencies. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science 7: 333-348.
Online |
Gscholar
(26)
Lastra O, Chueca A, Lachica M, López Gorgé J (1988)Root uptake and partition of copper, iron, manganese, and zinc in
Pinus radiata seedlings grown under different copper supplies. Journal of Plant Physiology 132: 16-22.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(27)
Lopez-Serrano FR, De Las Heras J, Gonazalez-Ochoa AI, Garcia-Morote FA (2005)Effects of silvicultural treatments and seasonal patterns on foliar nutrients in young post-fire
Pinus halepensis forest stands. Forest Ecology and Management 210: 321-336.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(28)
Miesel JR (2012)Differential responses of
Pinus ponderosa and
Abies concolor foliar characteristics and diameter growth to thinning and prescribed fire treatments. Forest Ecology and Management 284: 163-173.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(29)
Mugasha AG, Pluth DJ, Higginbotham KO, Takyi SK (1991)Foliar responses of black spruce to thinning and fertilization on a drained shallow peat. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21: 152-163.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(30)
Oleksyn J, Reich PB, Zytkowiak R, Karolewski P, Tjoelker MG (2002)Needle nutrients in geographically diverse
Pinus sylvestris L. populations. Annals of Forest Science 59: 1-18.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(31)
Piatek KB, Fajvan MA, Turcotte RM (2017)Thinning effects on foliar elements in eastern hemlock: implications for managing the spread of the hemlock woolly adelgid. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 47: 81-88.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(32)
Saur E (1989)Alimentation oligo-minérale du Pin maritime (
Pinus pinaster Soland in Ait) en relation avec quelques caractéristiques physico-chimiques des sols sableux des Landes de Gascogne [Trace-mineral supply of Maritime pine (
Pinus pinaster Soland in Ait) in relation to some physicochemical characteristics of sandy soils in the Landes de Gascogne]. Annales des Sciences Forestieres 46: 119-129. [in French]
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(33)
Saur E, Brechet C, Lambrot C, Masson P (1995)Micronutrient composition of xylem sap and needles as a result of P-fertilization in maritime pine. Trees 10: 52-54.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(34)
Saur E, Ranger J, Lemoine B, Gelpe J (1992)Micronutrient distribution in 16-year-old maritime pine. Tree Physiology 10: 307-316.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(35)
Stefan K, Fürst A, Hacker R, Bartels U (1997)Forest foliar condition in Europe - Results of large-scale foliar chemistry surveys 1995. European Commission, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Brussels, Belgium, pp. 207.
Gscholar
(36)
Sánchez-Rodríguez F, Rodríguez-Soalleiro R, Español E, López CA, Merino A (2002)Influence of edaphic factors and tree nutritive status on the productivity of
Pinus radiata D. Don plantations in northwestern Spain. Forest Ecology and Management 171: 181-189.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(37)
Tausz M, Trummer W, Wonisch A, Goessler W, Grill D, Jiménez MS, Morales D (2004)A survey of foliar mineral nutrient concentrations of
Pinus canariensis at field plots in Tenerife. Forest Ecology and Management 189: 49-55.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(38)
Thibodeau L, Raymond P, Camire C, Munson AD (2000)Impact of precommercial thinning in balsam fir stands on soil nitrogen dynamics, microbial biomass, decomposition, and foliar nutrition. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30: 229-238.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(39)
Torras O, Saura S (2008)Effects of silvicultural treatments on forest biodiversity indicators in the Mediterranean. Forest Ecology and Management 255: 3322-3330.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(40)
Turner J, Lambert MJ (1986)Nutrition and nutritional relationships of
Pinus radiata. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 17: 325-350.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(41)
Turvey ND, Grant BR (1990)Copper deficiency in coniferous trees. Forest Ecology and Management 37: 95-122.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(42)
Warren CR (2006)Why does photosynthesis decrease with needle age in
Pinus pinaster? Trees 20: 157-164.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(43)
Yan T, Zhu J, Fang Y, Yang K, Li M (2018)Effects of thinning on nitrogen status of a larch plantation, illustrated by N-15 natural abundance and N resorption. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 33: 357-364.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(44)
Zas R, Serrada R (2003)Foliar nutrient status and nutritional relationships of young
Pinus radiata D. Don plantations in northwest Spain. Forest Ecology and Management 174: 167-176.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
(45)
Zhang S, Allen HL (1996)Foliar nutrient dynamics of 11-year-old loblolly pine (
Pinus taeda) following nitrogen fertilization. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26: 1426-1439.
CrossRef |
Gscholar
