The effectiveness of short-term microwave irradiation on the process of seed extraction from Scots pine cones (Pinus sylvestris L.)

doi:10.3832/ifor3089-012

The effectiveness of short-term microwave irradiation on the process of seed extraction from Scots pine cones (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Monika Aniszewska , Witold Zychowicz, Arkadiusz Gendek

iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages 73-79 (2020)
doi: https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor3089-012
Published: Feb 13, 2020 - Copyright © 2020 SISEF

Research Articles

PDF Version

Full Text

Citation

Geo-mapping

The influence of short-term microwave irradiation on the process of seed extraction from Scots pine cones was investigated in this study. Cones from the Brzesko Forest District (near Kraków, southern Poland) were collected in 2015. The size and changes in the mass of cones during the process of seed extraction, as well as the relations between these parameters, were analyzed. Changes in water content and drying rate of cones were modeled using suitable mathematical equations. The thermal balance of the whole process of seeds extraction was calculated, and the heat necessary to extract the seeds was determined. Cones were initially exposed to 2.45 GHz microwaves with a power of 800 W for either 5 or 15 seconds. Subsequently, cones were placed in a circulating air oven and seeds extracted under convective drying at a constant temperature of 50 ± 0.1 °C. We found that seeds from cones subjected to 15-seconds microwave radiation were dramatically damaged, while no significant difference were found in germination and quality of seeds between cones subjected to the 5-seconds microwave pre-treatment and control cones, both yielding first-class quality seeds (mean germination capacity > 90%). The results of this study could help developing microwave-dryer control algorithms to support the automated process of cone seed extraction in large-capacity extraction plants.

Keywords

Seed Extraction Heat, Drying Process, Moisture Content, Seed Viability

Authors’ address

(1)

0000-0002-3685-4919
0000-0001-7877-7096
0000-0002-3370-6590
Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Biosystem Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 164, 02-787 Warsaw (Poland)

Corresponding author

Monika Aniszewska
monika_aniszewska@sggw.pl

Citation

Aniszewska M, Zychowicz W, Gendek A (2020). The effectiveness of short-term microwave irradiation on the process of seed extraction from Scots pine cones (Pinus sylvestris L.). iForest 13: 73-79. - doi: 10.3832/ifor3089-012

Academic Editor

Giacomo Goli

Paper history

Received: Mar 07, 2019
Accepted: Dec 05, 2019

First online: Feb 13, 2020
Publication Date: Feb 29, 2020
Publication Time: 2.33 months

Open Access

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Breakdown by View Type

(Waiting for server response...)

Article Usage

Total Article Views: 36394
(from publication date up to now)

Breakdown by View Type
HTML Page Views: 32079
Abstract Page Views: 1992
PDF Downloads: 1837
Citation/Reference Downloads: 0
XML Downloads: 486

Web Metrics
Days since publication: 1743
Overall contacts: 36394
Avg. contacts per week: 146.16

Article Citations

Article citations are based on data periodically collected from the Clarivate Web of Science web site
(last update: Feb 2023)

Total number of cites (since 2020): 2
Average cites per year: 0.50

(no Plumx Metrics available for this paper)

Publication Metrics

by Dimensions ^©

Articles citing this article

List of the papers citing this article based on CrossRef Cited-by.

(1)

Aladjadjiyan A (2010)
Influence of stationary magnetic field on lentil seeds. International Agrophysics 24 (3): 321-324.
Gscholar

(2)

Aniszewska M (2007)
Effectiveness of commercial Scots pine seed extraction at industrial scale. Sylwan 151: 22-28.
Gscholar

(3)

Aniszewska M (2016)
The change in weight and surface temperature of a pine cone (Pinus sylvestris L.) as a result of microwave irradiation. Forest Research Papers 77: 56-67.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(4)

Aniszewska M, Slowinski K (2016)
Effects of microwave irradiation by means of a horn antenna in the process of seed extraction on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) cone moisture content and seed germination energy and capacity. European Journal of Forest Research 135: 633-642.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(5)

Antosiewicz Z (1979)
Wplyw temperatury i wilgotnosci powietrza na jakosć nasion sosny i swierka w czasie luszczenia szyszek [Influence of temperature and air humidity on the quality of pine and spruce seeds during seed extraction from cones]. Las Polski 6: 11-12. [in Polish]
Gscholar

(6)

Bialobok S, Boratynski A, Bugala W (1993)
Biologia sosny zwyczajnej [Biology of Scots pine]. Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut Dendrologii, Poznan-Kórnik, Poland, pp. 680. [in Polish]
Gscholar

(7)

Bogdanow B (1966)
O suszkie szyszek w wakuomie [Drying cones in a vacuum]. Lesnoje Chozjajstwo 3: 57-60. [in Polish]
Gscholar

(8)

Davis FS, Wayland JR, Merkle MG (1973)
Phytotoxicity of a UHF electromagnetic field. Nature 241 (5387): 291-292.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(9)

Dell Inc. (2016)
Dell Statistica (data analysis software system), version 13. Web site.
Online | Gscholar

(10)

Diprose MF, Benson FA, Willis AJ (1984)
The effect of externally applied electrostatic fields, microwave radiation and electric currents on plants and other organisms, with special reference to weed control. The Botanical Review 50: 171-223.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(11)

Friesen AP, Conner RL, Robinson DE, Barton WR, Gillard CL (2014)
Effect of microwave radiation on dry bean seed infected with Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli with and without the use of chemical seed treatment. Crop Protection 65: 77-85.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(12)

Hemis M, Choudhary R, Gariépy Y, Raghavan VGS (2015)
Experiments and modelling of the microwave assisted convective drying of canola seeds. Biosystems Engineering 139: 121-127.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(13)

Hernández Maqueda R, Ballesteros Redondo I, Jiménez Jácome S, Moreno ÁH (2019)
Microwave drying of amaranth and quinoa seeds: effects of the power density on the drying time, germination rate and seedling vigour. Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy 52 (4): 299-311.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(14)

Isaev AV, Bastron AV, Yakhontova AS (2016)
The research of unevenness degree influence of heating of colza seeds in emf uhf on their energy of germination and viability. Bulletin of KrasGAU 4: 131-137.
Online | Gscholar

(15)

Ivetić V, Devetaković J, Nonić M, Stanković D, Nikolić M (2016)
Genetic diversity and forest reproductive material - from seed source selection to planting. iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry. 9: 801.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(16)

Jakubowski T (2010a)
Wplyw promieniowania mikrofalami sadzeniaków ziemniaka na plonowanie roslin [The effect of microwave irradiation of seed tubers on potato plant yield]. Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roslin 257 (258): 177-183. [in Polish]
Gscholar

(17)

Jakubowski T (2010b)
Wplyw terminu stymulacji mikrofalami sadzeniaków na wzrost i plonowanie roslin ziemniaka (Solanum tuberosum L.) [Effect of seed potatoes microwave stimulation on the growth and yields of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)]. Acta Agrophysica 16 (2): 295-313. [in Polish]
Gscholar

(18)

Krajewski A (1990a)
Mozliwosć zastosowania mikrofal do dezynsekcji iglastego drewna budowlanego [The possibility of using microwaves for disinfection of coniferous construction timber]. Wydawnictwa PKZ, Warszawa, Poland, pp. 70. [in Polish]
Gscholar

(19)

Krajewski A (1990b)
Zwalczanie owadów - szkodników technicznych drewna za pomoca mikrofal [Control of insects - technical pests of wood by means of microwaves]. Ochrona Zabytków 43 (1): 27-34. [in Polish]
Gscholar

(20)

Kraszewski AW, Nelson SO (2004)
Microwave permittivity determination in agricultural products. Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy 39: 41-52.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(21)

Lupinska A, Koziol A, Araszkiewicz M, Lupinski M (2009)
The changes of quality in rapeseeds during microwave drying. Drying Technology 27: 857-862.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(22)

Moreno-Fernández D, Cañellas I, Calama R, Gordo J, Sánchez-González M (2013)
Thinning increases cone production of stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) stands in the Northern Plateau (Spain). Annals of Forest Science 70: 761-768.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(23)

Nelson SO (1985)
RF and microwave energy for potential agricultural applications. Journal of Microwave Power 20: 65-70.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(24)

Orlowska M (2018)
Influence of microwaves radiation on pine cones (Pinus sylvestris L.) on the efficiency of the process and the quality of hulled seeds. Thesis, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Faculty of Production Engineering, Warsaw, Poland, pp. 47.
Gscholar

(25)

Pabis S (1982)
Teoria konwekcyjnego suszenia produktów rolniczych [Theory of convection drying of agricultural products]. Panstwowe Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Lesne, Warszawa, Poland, pp. 228. [in Polish]
Gscholar

(26)

Pattanaik S, Dash A, Mishra R, Nayak P, Mohanty R (2015)
Seed germination and seedling survival percentage of Shorea robusta Gaertn. f. in buffer areas of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India. Journal of Ecosystem and Ecography 4: 153.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(27)

Pietruszewski S, Kania K (2011)
Microwave effect on the germination kinetics of seeds of white lupine and consumptive pea. Acta Agrophysica 18: 121-129.
Gscholar

(28)

PN-R-65700 (1998)
Material siewny. Nasiona drzew i krzewów lesnych i zadrzewieniowych [Polish Standard - Seed material. Seeds of forest trees and shrubs and woodland shrubs]. Polish Committee for Standardization, Warsaw, Poland, pp. 33. [in Polish]
Gscholar

(29)

Pravdin LF (1964)
Sosna obyknovennaja Izmencivost’, vnutrividovaja sistematika i selecija [Scots pine, variability, systematics and improvement]. Akadenia Nauk ZSRR, Moskwa, Russia, pp. 191. [in Russian]
Gscholar

(30)

Radzevičius A, Sakalauskienë S, Dagys M, Simni A, Karklelienë R, Bobinas C, Duchovskis P (2013)
The effect of strong microwave electric field radiation on vegetable seed germination and seedling growth rate. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture 100 (2): 179-184.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(31)

Ren X, Wang L, Xu B, Wei B, Liu Y, Zhou C, Ma H, Wang Z (2018)
Influence of microwave pretreatment on the flavor attributes and oxidative stability of cold-pressed rapeseed oil. Drying Technology 37 (3): 397-408.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(32)

Rukuni D (1997)
Seed extraction methods and quality effects in Pinus radiata D. Don. Master of Applied Science Thesis, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Online | Gscholar

(33)

Sahin H (2014)
Effects of microwaves on the germination of weed seeds. Journal of Biosystems Engineering 39: 304-309.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(34)

Slowinski K (2013)
The influence of microwave radiation emitted to non-disinfected nursery soil on the survivability and chosen biometric characteristics of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Rolniczego Im H Kollataja w Krakowie 517 (394), pp. 122.
Gscholar

(35)

Warchalewski JR, Dolinska R, Blaszczak W (2007)
Microscope analysis of two generations of wheat grain crops grown from microwave heated seeds. Acta Agrophysica 10: 727-737.
Gscholar

(36)

Xu F, Chen Z, Huang M, Li C, Zhou W (2017)
Effect of intermittent microwave drying on biophysical characteristics of rice. Journal of Food Process Engineering 40: e12590.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(37)

Zaleski A, Anisko E, Kantorowicz W (2006)
Zasady oceny nasion w Lasach Panstwowych [Principles of seed evaluation in State Forests]. In: “Elementy genetyki i hodowli selekcyjnej drzew lesnych”. Centrum Informacyjne Lasów Panstwowych, Warszawa, Poland, pp. 317-326. [in Polish]
Gscholar

iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry

Contents

Search

Journal Info

Journal Subjects and Fields

For Authors

For Reviewers

For Readers

SISEF Publishing

Search iForest Contents