*
 

iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry

*

Distribution and abundance of the alien Xylosandrus germanus and other ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in different forest stands in central Slovenia

Tine Hauptman   , Roman Pavlin, Petra Grošelj, Maja Jurc

iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, Volume 12, Issue 5, Pages 451-458 (2019)
doi: https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor3114-012
Published: Sep 29, 2019 - Copyright © 2019 SISEF

Research Articles


The East Asian ambrosia beetle (Xylosandrus germanus - Blandford 1894) is an invasive species that has become successfully established in Europe and North America. In Slovenia, X. germanus was first recorded in 2000 in the western part of the country, and since 2008 the species has also been identified in other parts of Slovenia. The first economic damage was recorded in 2016 after a massive attack on recently felled logs of different tree species, spurring research into this non-native invasive species. To examine the distribution and abundance of X. germanus compared to other ambrosia beetles and to determine voltinism and the flight period of the species in our climatic conditions, we deployed 19 ethanol-baited traps from March to November 2017 in oak-, beech- and fir-dominated forest stands in central Slovenia. To verify the vertical distribution of X. germanus, traps were installed at altitudes ranging from 303 m to 941 m a.s.l. Furthermore, the impact of the ice storm that hit Slovenia in 2014 on the abundance of X. germanus was also studied. Non-native X. germanus represented 71.8% of the total catch and was significantly more abundant than the other five most common species: Xyleborinus saxesenii (20.0%), Xyleborus monographus (3.6%), Anisandrus dispar (2.5%), Trypodendron domesticum (1.2%) and Trypodendron signatum (0.6%). X. germanus was most abundant in beech-dominated stands, but the differences between forest types were not significant. The species was found along the entire altitudinal gradient. Our results indicate that the swarming of X. germanus in lowland forests may already occur by the middle of March. Maximum flying activity was observed in May and early June in forests below 600 m a.s.l. and at the end of May and in June in forests above 700 m a.s.l. Only one generation per year was observed. The ice storm positively affected the abundance of X. germanus, especially in areas where sanitary logging was delayed. Xyleborinus attenuatus was detected for the first time in Slovenia.

  Keywords


Xylosandrus germanus, Ambrosia Beetles, Black Timber Bark Beetle, Invasive Species, Habitat Preference, Monitoring, Ethanol-baited Traps

Authors’ address

(1)
Tine Hauptman
Roman Pavlin
Petra Grošelj 0000-0001-9363-9783
Maja Jurc 0000-0002-8666-1453
Department of Forestry and Renewable Forest Resources, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 83, SI-1000 Ljubljana (Slovenia)

Corresponding author

 

Citation

Hauptman T, Pavlin R, Grošelj P, Jurc M (2019). Distribution and abundance of the alien Xylosandrus germanus and other ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in different forest stands in central Slovenia. iForest 12: 451-458. - doi: 10.3832/ifor3114-012

Academic Editor

Massimo Faccoli

Paper history

Received: Mar 29, 2019
Accepted: Jul 27, 2019

First online: Sep 29, 2019
Publication Date: Oct 31, 2019
Publication Time: 2.13 months

Breakdown by View Type

(Waiting for server response...)

Article Usage

Total Article Views: 36594
(from publication date up to now)

Breakdown by View Type
HTML Page Views: 27227
Abstract Page Views: 6485
PDF Downloads: 2331
Citation/Reference Downloads: 8
XML Downloads: 543

Web Metrics
Days since publication: 1643
Overall contacts: 36594
Avg. contacts per week: 155.91

Article Citations

Article citations are based on data periodically collected from the Clarivate Web of Science web site
(last update: Feb 2023)

Total number of cites (since 2019): 6
Average cites per year: 1.20

 

Publication Metrics

by Dimensions ©

Articles citing this article

List of the papers citing this article based on CrossRef Cited-by.

 
(1)
ARSO (2018)
Meteorological data of the Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia. Lubiana, Slovenia, web site.
Online | Gscholar
(2)
Balachowsky A (1949)
Coléopteres Scolytides [Bark beetles]. Faune de France 50: 1-320. [in French]
Gscholar
(3)
Björklund N, Boberg J (2017a)
Rapid pest risk analysis Xylosandrus germanus. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, pp. 22.
Gscholar
(4)
Björklund N, Boberg J (2017b)
Rapid pest risk analysis Xyleborinus attenuatus. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, pp. 17.
Gscholar
(5)
Bouget C, Noblecourt T (2005)
Short-term development of ambrosia and bark beetle assemblages following a windstorm in French broadleaved temperate forests. Journal of Applied Entomology 129 (6): 300-310.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(6)
Bruge H (1995)
Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford, 1894) (Belg. sp. nov.) (Coleoptera Scolytidae). Bulletin et Annales de la Société Royale Belge d’Entomologie 131: 249-264.
Online | Gscholar
(7)
Cegnar T (2017)
Podnebne razmere v januarju 2017 [Climate in January 2017]. Naše okolje. Mesečni bilten Agencije RS za okolje 24 (1): 3-24. [in Slovenian]
Gscholar
(8)
EPPO (2018)
Xylosandrus germanus. EPPO Global Database, European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization, Paris, France, web site.
Online | Gscholar
(9)
Faccoli M (2008)
First record of Xyleborus atratus Eichhoff from Europe, with an illustrated key to the European Xyleborini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Zootaxa 1772: 55-62.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(10)
Franjević M (2013)
Bivoltinism of European hardwood ambrosia beetle Trypodendron domesticum in Croatian lowland oak stands of Jastrebarski Lugovi. Šumarski list 137 (9-10): 495-498.
Gscholar
(11)
Franjević M, Poršinsky T, Duka A (2016)
Integrated oak timber protection from ambrosia bark beetles: economic and ecological importance in harvesting operations. Croatian Journal of Forest Engineering 2016 (37): 353-364.
Online | Gscholar
(12)
Galko J, Nikolov C, Kimoto T, Kunca A, Gubka A, Vakula J, Zúbrik M, Ostrihon M (2014)
Attraction of ambrosia beetles to ethanol baited traps in a Slovakian oak forest. Biologia 69: 1376-1383.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(13)
Galko J, Dzurenko M, Ranger CM, Kulfan J, Kula E, Nikolov C, Zubrik M, Zach P (2019)
Distribution, habitat preference, and management of the invasive ambrosia beetle Xylosandrus germanus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in European forests with an emphasis on the West Carpathians. Forests 10 (1): 10.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(14)
Geister I (2004)
Popis rastlin in živali na Brdu pri Kranju [An inventory of plants and animals of Brdo near Kranj]. Kronika (Ljubljana) 52 (2): 273-284. [in Slovenian]
Gscholar
(15)
Graf E, Manser P (2000)
The imported Japanese scolytid beetle Xylosandrus germanus: biology and damage potential for stored round timber compared to Xyloterus lineatus and Hylecoetus dermestoides. Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 151 (8): 271-281.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(16)
Groschke F (1953)
Der “schwarze Nutzholzborkenkäfer”, Xylosandrus germanus Blandf., ein neuer Schädling in Deutschland [The “black ambrosia” Xylosandrus germanus Blandf., a new pest in Germany]. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 34: 297-302. [in German]
CrossRef | Gscholar
(17)
Grégoire JC, Piel F, De Proft M, Gilbert M (2001)
Spatial distribution of ambrosia-beetle catches: a possibly useful knowledge to improve mass-trapping. Integrated Pest Management Reviews 6 (3-4): 237-242.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(18)
Grüne S (1979)
Handbuch zur Bestimmung der Europäischen Borkenkäfer [Brief illustrated key to european bark beetles]. Verlag M & H Schaper, Hannover, Germany, pp. 184. [in German]
Gscholar
(19)
Hauptman T, Pavlin R, Jurc M (2018)
Ambrozijski podlubnik (Xylosandrus germanus) [Ambrosia bark beetle (Xylosandrus germanus)]. Gozdarski vestnik 5/6 (76): 3-4. [in Slovenian]
Gscholar
(20)
Henin JM, Versteirt V (2004)
Abundance and distribution of Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford 1894) (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) in Belgium: new observations and an attempt to outline its range. Journal of Pest Science 77: 57-63.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(21)
Holzinger WE, Frie T, Holzer E, Mehlmauer P (2014)
Xylobionte Käfer (Insecta: Coleoptera part.) in Wäldern des Biosphärenparks Wienerwald (Österreich: Niederösterreich, Wien) [Saproxylic Beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera part.) in forests of the Biosphere Reserve Wienerwald (Austria: Lower Austria, Vienna)]. Wissenschaftliche Mitteilungen des Niederösterreichischen Landesmuseums, St. Pölten 25: 331-362. [in German]
Gscholar
(22)
Hulcr J, Dunn RR (2011)
The sudden emergence of pathogenicity in insect-fungus symbioses threatens naive forest ecosystems. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences 278 (1720): 2866-2873.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(23)
Hulcr J, Atkinson T, Cognato A, Jordal B, McKenna D (2015)
Morphology, taxonomy and phylogenetics of bark beetles. In: “Bark Beetles: Biology and Ecology of Native and Invasive Species” (Vega FE, Hofstetter RW eds). Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 41-84.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(24)
Jurc M (2005)
Gozdna zoologija (univerzitetni učbenik) [Forest Zoology (University textbook)]. Bitehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za Gozdarstvo in obnovljive gozdne vire, Ljubljana, Slovenia, pp. 348. [in Slovenian]
Gscholar
(25)
Jurc M, Zavrtanik Z, Reščič M (2010)
Tujerodni podlubnik Xylosandrus germanus se širi v gozdovih Slovenije [The non-native bark beetle Xylosandrus germanus is spreading in the forests of Slovenia]. Novice iz varstva gozdov 3: 10-13. [in Slovenian]
Online | Gscholar
(26)
Jurc M, Borkovič D, Pavlin R, Meterc G (2011)
Xylosandrus germanus (Blandfort, 1894) (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Slovenia. In: Proceeding of the “SIEEC 22, Symposium Internationale Entomofaunisticum Europae Centralis”. Varaždin (Croatia), 26 June - 03 July 2011. Gradski muzej, Varaždin, Croatia, pp. 33-34.
Gscholar
(27)
Jurc M, Bojovic S, Fernaández MF, Jurc D (2012)
The attraction of cerambycids and other xylophagous beetles, potential vectors of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, to semiochemicals in Slovenia. Phytoparasitica 40: 337-349.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(28)
Kirkendall LR, Faccoli M (2010)
Bark beetles and pinhole borers (Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Platypodinae) alien to Europe. ZooKeys 56: 227-251.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(29)
Kirkendall LR (1983)
The evolution of mating systems in bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 77: 293-352.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(30)
Klimetzek D, Köhler J, Vité JP, Kohnle U (1986)
Dosage response to ethanol mediates host selection by “secondary” bark beetles. Naturwissenschaften 73 (5): 270-271.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(31)
Knízek M (1988)
Xyleborus alni Niijima, 1909. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca 85: 396.
Gscholar
(32)
Lakatos F, Kajimura H (2007)
Occurrence of the introduced Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford, 1894) in Hungary - A genetic evidence (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 68: 97-104.
Online | Gscholar
(33)
Markalas S, Kalapanida M (1997)
Flight pattern of some Scolytidae attracted to flight barrier traps baited with ethanol in an oak forest in Greece. Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde, Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz 70 (3): 55-57.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(34)
Olenici N, Kníek M, Olenici V, Duduman ML, Biris IA (2014)
First report of three scolytid species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in Romania. Annals of Forest Research 57: 89-97.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(35)
Pfeffer A (1995)
Zentral- und westpaläarktische Borken- und Kernkäfer (Coleoptera: Scolytidae, Platypodidae) [Central and western Palearctic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae, Platypodidae)]. Pro Entomologia, Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel, Switzerland, pp. 310. [in German]
Gscholar
(36)
Ranger C, Reding M, Gandhi K, Oliver J, Schultz P, Cañas L, Herms D (2011)
Species dependent influence of (-)-α-pinene on attraction of ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) to ethanol-baited traps in nursery agroecosystems. Journal of Economic Entomology 104 (2): 574-579.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(37)
Ranger CM, Reding ME, Schultz PB, Oliver JB, Frank SD, Addesso KM, Chong JH, Sampson B, Werle C, Gill S, Krause C (2016)
Biology, ecology, and management of nonnative ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in ornamental plant nurseries. Journal of Integrated Pest Management 7 (1): 25.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(38)
Rassati D, Faccoli M, Battisti A, Marini L (2016a)
Habitat and climatic preferences drive invasions of non-native ambrosia beetles in deciduous temperate forests. Biological Invasions 18 (10): 2809-2821.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(39)
Rassati D, Lieutier F, Faccoli M (2016b)
Alien wood-boring beetles in Mediterranean regions. In: “Insects and Diseases of Mediterranean Forest Systems” (Payne TD, Lieutier F eds). Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland, pp. 293-327.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(40)
Reding ME, Ranger CM, Oliver JB, Schultz PB (2013)
Monitoring attack and flight activity of Xylosandrus spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae): the influence of temperature on activity. Journal of Economic Entomology 106 (4): 1780-1787.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(41)
Salom SM, McLean JA (1990)
Flight and landing behavior of Trypodendron lineatum (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in response to different semiochemicals. Journal of Chemical Ecology 16 (8): 2589-2604.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(42)
Seljak G (2013)
Dinamika vnosa tujerodnih fitofagnih žuželk in pršic v Slovenijo [The dynamics of introduction of alien phytophagous insects and mites in Slovenia]. Acta entomologica Slovenica 21 (2): 85-122. [in Slovenian]
Gscholar
(43)
Titovšek J (1988)
Podlubniki (Scolytidae) Slovenije: obvladovanje podlubnikov [Bark beetles (Scolytidae) of Slovenia: control of bark beetles]. Zveza društev inženirjev in tehnikov gozdarstva in lesarstva Slovenije, Gozdarska založba, Ljubljana, Slovenia, pp. 128. [in Slovenian]
Gscholar
(44)
Weber BC, McPherson JE (1983)
World list of host plants of Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). The Coleopterists’ Bulletin 37: 114-134.
Online | Gscholar
(45)
ZGS (2014)
The operational plan for the sanitation of the damaged forest after the sleet event in February 2014. Slovenian Forest Service, Ljubljana, Slovenia, pp. 66.
Gscholar
(46)
ZGS (2017)
Timber: database of tree felling. Slovenian Forest Service, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [CD-ROM]
Gscholar
 

This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. More info