*
 

iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry

*

The influence of age and crown position on growth efficiency along a Scots pine chronosequence

Mieczyslaw Turski   , Hanna Kwasna, Cezary Beker, Roman Jaszczak, Katarzyna Kazmierczak, Tomasz Najgrakowski, Wojciech Borzyszkowski

iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, Volume 12, Issue 5, Pages 474-479 (2019)
doi: https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor2953-012
Published: Oct 14, 2019 - Copyright © 2019 SISEF

Research Articles


The study deals with the effects of age and crown position (either dominant or intermediate, as determined by Kraft’s social class) on stemwood growth efficiency (GE), which is viewed as the ratio of annual stemwood volume increment of the previous five years to needle volume of the entire tree, in eight even-aged pure stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). The highest GE was observed in the youngest stands, and the lowest in the oldest ones. There was no clear interdependence of GE on the age of intermediate stands. GE was most variable in the youngest, the 25-year-old stand, and was the least variable in the 74-year-old stand. GE in dominant trees was lower in 25- 74- and 85-year-old stands and higher in 33-, 44-, 56-, 64- and 93-year-old stands. The GE ratios of dominant trees to intermediate trees in 25-, 33-, 44-, 56-, 64-, 74-, 85- and 93-year-old stands were 0.47:1, 1:0.93, 1:0.87, 1:0.81, 1:0.86, 0.88:1, 0.90:1 and 1:0.61, respectively. Tree age had a statistically significant effect on GE; however, the contribution of the age factor to GE was assessed as weak. Generally, the position of trees (whether dominant or intermediate) had no effect on GE, while age × position of trees had a statistically significant effect on GE, which means that the two factors interacted. The correlation between GE and tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH), and the needle volume of the entire empirical material was statistically significant with a negative sign; however, the situation varied among the particular stands.

  Keywords


Pine, Needle Volume, Growth Efficiency, Dominant Trees, Intermediate Trees

Corresponding author

 
Mieczyslaw Turski
mieczyslaw.turski@up.poznan.pl

Citation

Turski M, Kwasna H, Beker C, Jaszczak R, Kazmierczak K, Najgrakowski T, Borzyszkowski W (2019). The influence of age and crown position on growth efficiency along a Scots pine chronosequence. iForest 12: 474-479. - doi: 10.3832/ifor2953-012

Academic Editor

Angelo Nolè

Paper history

Received: Aug 27, 2018
Accepted: Aug 02, 2019

First online: Oct 14, 2019
Publication Date: Oct 31, 2019
Publication Time: 2.43 months

Breakdown by View Type

(Waiting for server response...)

Article Usage

Total Article Views: 35231
(from publication date up to now)

Breakdown by View Type
HTML Page Views: 31191
Abstract Page Views: 1430
PDF Downloads: 2076
Citation/Reference Downloads: 1
XML Downloads: 533

Web Metrics
Days since publication: 1823
Overall contacts: 35231
Avg. contacts per week: 135.28

Article Citations

Article citations are based on data periodically collected from the Clarivate Web of Science web site
(last update: Feb 2023)

(No citations were found up to date. Please come back later)


 

Publication Metrics

by Dimensions ©

Articles citing this article

List of the papers citing this article based on CrossRef Cited-by.

 
(1)
Assmann E (1961)
Waldertragskunde. [Forest Yield Science]. BLV-Verlagsgesellschaft, München-Bonn-Wien, pp. 490. [in German]
Gscholar
(2)
Berrill JP, O’Hara KL (2007)
Patterns of leaf area and growing space efficiency in young even aged and multiaged coast redwood stands. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37 (3): 617-626.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(3)
Binkley D (2004)
A hypothesis about the interaction of tree dominance and stand production through stand development. Forest Ecology and Management 190: 265-271.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(4)
Binkley D, Laclau JP, Sterba H (2013)
Why one tree grows faster than another: patterns of light use and light use efficiency at the scale of individual trees and stands. Forest Ecology and Management 288: 1-4.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(5)
Borowski M (1966)
Uber den Zuwachs der sozialen Baumklassen in Kiefernbeständen. [About the growth of social tree classes in pine stands]. Archiv für Forstwesen 3: 233-241. [in German]
Gscholar
(6)
Bradford JB, D’Amato AW, Palik BJ, Fraver S (2010)
A new method for evaluating forest thinning: growth dominance in managed Pinus resinosa stands. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 40 (5): 843-849.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(7)
Burkes EC, Will RE, Barron Gafford GA, Teskey RO, Shiver B (2003)
Biomass partitioning and growth efficiency of intensively managed Pinus taeda and Pinus elliottii stands of different planting densities. Forest Science 49 (2): 224-234.
Online | Gscholar
(8)
Chen HYH, Klinka K, Kayahara GJ (1996)
Effect of light on growth, crown architecture, and specific leaf area for naturally established Pinus contorta var. latifolia and Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca saplings. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26 (7): 1149-1157.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(9)
Cohen J (1988)
Statistical power analysis for behavioral sciences (2nd edn). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, USA, pp. 567.
Gscholar
(10)
Dengler A (1937)
Kronengröße, Nadelmenge und Zuwachsleistung von Altkiefern [Crown size, needle quantity and increment performance of old pines]. Zeitschrift für das Forst- und Jagdwesen 69: 321-336. [in German]
Gscholar
(11)
DeRose RJ, Seymour RS (2009)
The effect of site quality on growth efficiency of upper crown class Picea rubens and Abies balsamea in Maine, USA. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 39 (4): 777-784.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(12)
Gersonde RF, O’Hara KL (2005)
Comparative tree growth efficiency in Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forests. Forest Ecology and Management 219 (1): 95-108.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(13)
Gilmore DW, Seymour RS (1996)
Alternative measures of stem growth efficiency applied to Abies balsamea from four canopy positions in central Maine, USA. Forest Ecology and Management 84 (1-3): 209-218.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(14)
Gower ST, McMurtrie RE, Murty D (1996)
Above ground net primary production decline with stand age: potential causes. Trees 11 (9): 378-382.
Gscholar
(15)
Kira T, Shidei T (1967)
Primary production and turnover of organic matter in different forest ecosystems of the western Pacific. Japanese Journal of Ecology 17 (2): 70-87.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(16)
Lemke J (1968)
Zwia1zek pomiedzy wielkoscia korony a przyrostem drzew w drzewostanach sosnowych [The dependence of the crown size and tree increment in the Pine stands]. Prace Komisji Nauk Rolniczych i Komisji Nauk Lesnych PTPN 25: 1-48. [in Polish]
Gscholar
(17)
Lemke J (1974)
Wydajnosć igliwia sosny zwyczajnej w produkcji drewna strzaly. [Efficiency of Scots pine needles in stemwood production]. Sylwan 118 (9): 33-38. [in Polish]
Gscholar
(18)
Long JN, Smith FW (1990)
Determinants of stemwood production in Pinus contorta var. latifolia forests: the influence of site quality and stand structure. Journal of Applied Ecology 27 (3): 847-856.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(19)
Maguire DA, Brissette JC, LianHong G (1998)
Crown structure and growth efficiency of red spruce in uneven-aged, mixed-species stands in Maine. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 28: 1233-1240.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(20)
Martin TA, Jokela EJ (2004)
Developmental patterns and nutrition impact radiation use efficiency components in southern pine stands. Ecological Applications 14 (6): 1839-1854.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(21)
Martínez-Vilalta J, Vanderklein D, Mencuccini M (2007)
Tree height and age-related decline in growth in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Oecologia 150 (4): 529-44.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(22)
Mayer R (1958)
Kronengröße und Zuwachsleistung der Traubeneiche auf süddeutschen Standorten [Crown size and productivity of sessile oak on sites in southern Germany]. Allgemeine Forst- und Jagdzeitung 129 (114): 151-163. [in German]
Gscholar
(23)
Meng X, Seymour RS (1992)
Influence of soil drainage on early development and biomass production of young, herbicide released fir-spruce stands in north central Maine. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22: 955-967.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(24)
Monteith JL (1972)
Solar radiation and productivity in tropical ecosystems. Journal of Applied Ecology 9: 747-766.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(25)
O’Hara KL (1988)
Stand structure and growing space efficiency following thinning in an even aged Douglas fir stand. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18 (7): 859-866.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(26)
O’Hara KL (1996)
Dynamics and stocking-level relationships of multi-aged ponderosa pine stands. Forest Science 42 (2): 1-34.
Online | Gscholar
(27)
Reid DEB, Lieffers VJ, Silins U (2004)
Growth and crown efficiency of height repressed lodgepole pine: are suppressed trees more efficient? Trees 18: 390-398.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(28)
Riofrío J, Del Río M, Bravo F (2016)
Mixing effects on growth efficiency in mixed pine forests. Forestry 90 (3): 381-392.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(29)
Roberts SD, Long JN (1992)
Production efficiency of Abies lasiocarpa: influence of vertical distribution of leaf area. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22 (9): 1230-1234.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(30)
Roberts SD, Long JN, Smith FW (1993)
Canopy stratification and leaf area efficiency: a conceptualization. Forest Ecology and Management 60 (1-2): 143-156.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(31)
Ryan MG, Binkley D, Fownes HJ (1997)
Age-related decline in forest productivity: pattern and process. Advances in Ecological Research 27: 213-262.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(32)
Ryan MG, Binkley D, Fownes HJ, Giardina CP, Senock RS (2004)
An experimental test of the causes of forest growth decline with stand age. Ecological Monographs 74: 393-414.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(33)
Schmidt H (1953)
Kronen- und Zuwachsuntersuchungen an Fichten des bayerischen Alpenvorlandes [Crown and increment studies on spruce trees of the Bavarian Alpine foothills]. Forstwissenschaftliches Zentralblatt 72 (9-10): 276-286. [in German]
Gscholar
(34)
Schulze ED, Fuchs M, Fuchs MI (1977)
Spatial distribution of photosynthetic capacity and performance in a mountain spruce forest of northern Germany. Oecologia 30: 239-248.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(35)
Seymour RS, Kenefic LS (2002)
Influence of age on growth efficiency of Tsuga canadensis and Picea rubens trees in mixed-species, multi-aged northern conifer stands. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32 (11): 2032-2042.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(36)
Stanisz A (2007)
Przystepny kurs statystyki z zastosowaniem STATISTICA PL na przykÅ‚adach z medycyny [The intelligible statistics course using STATISTICA PL on examples from medicine]. StatSoft, Kraków, Poland, pp. 868. [in Polish]
Gscholar
(37)
Sterba H (2005)
Gibt es eine baumindividuelle zuwachsoptimale Überschirmung - ein Beitrag zur Theorie des Einzelbaumwachstums [Is there a tree-specific growth-optimal shielding - a contribution to the theory of individual tree growth]. Austrian Journal of Forest Science 2: 55-68. [in German]
Gscholar
(38)
Sterba H, Amateis RL (1998)
Crown efficiency in a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) spacing experiment. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 28: 1344-1351.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(39)
Vanninen P, Mäkelä A (2000)
Needle and stem wood production in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees of different age, size and competitive status. Tree Physiology 20 (8): 527-533.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(40)
Velazquez-Martinez A, Perry DA, Bell TE (1992)
Response of aboveground biomass increment, growth efficiency, and foliar nutrients to thinning, fertilization, and pruning in young Douglas-fir plantations in the central Oregon Cascades. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22: 1278-1289.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(41)
Vose JM, Allen HL (1988)
Leaf area, stemwood growth, and nutrition relationships in loblolly pine. Forest Science 34: 546-563.
Online | Gscholar
(42)
Waring RH, Thies WG, Muscato D (1980)
Stem growth per unit of leaf area: a measure of tree vigor. Forest Science 26: 112-117.
Online | Gscholar
 

This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. More info