Categorization of field trials with GM plants in the Netherlands: applicable to field trials with GM forest trees?

doi:10.3832/ifor1311-008

In the Netherlands, criteria have been set for field trials with genetically modified (GM) plants. These criteria are based on the step-by-step principle as described in European Directive 2001/18/EC. Three categories of field trials are defined. The first category concerns small-scale field trials with GM plants that are not well characterised on the molecular and phenotypic level. Confinement measures are applied in order to limit potential adverse effects to the field location. The second category consists of small-scale field experiments with GM plants that are better characterized. Confinement measures are no longer necessary since sufficient information is available to assess potential adverse effects on human health and the environment for these trials. The third category consists of large-scale field trials with fully characterised GM plants and without the need of confinement measures. For each category, a new permit is required. This system has been used for several crops, including apple and poplar trees and may also be applicable for trials with GM forest trees.

Keywords

Field Trials, Genetically Modified, GM Crops, GM Trees, Environmental Risk Assessment

Authors’ address

(1)

GMO Office, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven (the Netherlands)

Corresponding author

Debora CM Glandorf
boet.glandorf@rivm.nl

Citation

Glandorf DCM (2015). Categorization of field trials with GM plants in the Netherlands: applicable to field trials with GM forest trees?. iForest 8: 222-225. - doi: 10.3832/ifor1311-008

Academic Editor

Elena Paoletti

Paper history

Received: Apr 10, 2014
Accepted: Jul 25, 2014

First online: Aug 31, 2014
Publication Date: Apr 01, 2015
Publication Time: 1.23 months

Open Access

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Breakdown by View Type

(Waiting for server response...)

Article Usage

Total Article Views: 46651
(from publication date up to now)

Breakdown by View Type
HTML Page Views: 40771
Abstract Page Views: 1786
PDF Downloads: 3051
Citation/Reference Downloads: 20
XML Downloads: 1023

Web Metrics
Days since publication: 3735
Overall contacts: 46651
Avg. contacts per week: 87.43

Article Citations

Article citations are based on data periodically collected from the Clarivate Web of Science web site
(last update: Feb 2023)

(No citations were found up to date. Please come back later)

(no Plumx Metrics available for this paper)

Publication Metrics

by Dimensions ^©

Articles citing this article

List of the papers citing this article based on CrossRef Cited-by.

(1)

Aguilera J, Nielsen K, Sweet J (2013)
Risk assessment of GM trees in the EU: current regulatory framework and guidance. iForest 6 (3): 127-131.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(2)

COGEM (1999)
Richtlijnen van de COGEM bij de beoordeling van veldproefaanvragen [Guidelines of COGEM for the assessment of field trial applications]. CGM/99-0518-41. [in Dutch]
Online | Gscholar

(3)

COGEM (2005)
Advies indeling veldwerkzaamheden genetisch gemodificeerde planten [Advice on the categorization of field trials with genetically modified plants]. CGM/050929-03. [in Dutch]
Online | Gscholar

(4)

COGEM (2008a)
Herziening advies indeling veldwerkzaamheden genetisch gemodificeerde planten [Reconsideration of the advice on the categorization of field trials with genetically modified plants]. CGM/081125-02. [in Dutch]
Online | Gscholar

(5)

COGEM (2008b)
Advies categorie 1 veldproef met genetisch gemodificeerde populier [Advice on a category 1 field trial with genetically modified poplar]. CGM/ 081205-01. [in Dutch]
Online | Gscholar

(6)

COGEM (2010)
Advies veldproef met genetisch gemodificeerde appelbomen [Advice on a field trial with genetically modified apple trees]. CGM/101214-01. [in Dutch]
Online | Gscholar

(7)

EC (2001)
Directive 2001/18/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of March 2001 on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms and repealing Council Directive 90/220/EEC. Official Journal of the European Communities L106: 1-38.
Online | Gscholar

(8)

Häggman H, Raybould A, Borem A, Fox T, Handley L, Hertzberg M, Lu MZ, Macdonald P, Oguchi T, Pasquali G, Pearson L, Peter G, Quemada H, Séguin A, Tattersall K, Ulian E, Walter C, McLean M (2013)
Genetically engineered trees for plantation forests: key considerations for environmental risk assessment. Plant Biotechnology Journal 11 (7): 785-98.
CrossRef | Gscholar