Arthropod diversity in pure oak forests of coppice origin in northern Thrace (Turkey)

doi:10.3832/ifor1318-007

Arthropod diversity in pure oak forests of coppice origin in northern Thrace (Turkey)

Akif Keten⁽¹⁾ , Vedat Beskardes⁽²⁾, Meric Kumbasli⁽¹⁾, Ender Makineci⁽³⁾, Hayati Zengin⁽⁴⁾, Emrah Özdemir⁽⁵⁾, Ersel Yilmaz⁽⁵⁾, Hatice Cinar Yilmaz⁽⁶⁾, Servet Caliskan⁽⁷⁾, James T Anderson⁽⁸⁾

iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, Volume 8, Issue 5, Pages 615-623 (2014)
doi: https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor1318-007
Published: Dec 17, 2014 - Copyright © 2014 SISEF

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Oak (Quercus spp.) forests are among the most important forest types in Turkey. In the past, oak forests were managed through coppice clear-cutting, but in recent decades they have mostly been converted to high forest. This study was aimed at explaining how arthropod diversity is affected during conversion from coppice to high oak forest and during the early stages of coppice succession. We tested the hypothesis that arthropod richness, abundance and diversity in coppice oak sites varied according to stand age and a number of other forest characteristics. Arthropod communities were sampled in 50 plots using four different methods: pitfall traps, sweep nets, sticky cards and cloth shaking. A total of 13 084 individuals were collected and classified into 193 Recognizable Taxonomic Units (RTUs), with the most RTUs and the greatest number of specimens captured by sweep netting. We identified 17 taxa within RTU’s with more than 1% of the captured arthropods, which constituted 75% of the total specimens. The number of RTUs varied significantly according to trap type. Arthropod richness and Shannon-Wiener biodiversity index (H′) increased with elevation and precipitation. In young (1-40 yrs-old) and middle-aged (41-80 yrs) stands, arthropod biodiversity was not significantly affected by stand type, but slightly increased with diameter at breast height and tree height. Forest characteristics, such as the litter layer, understory and crown diameter, weakly influenced arthropod richness and abundance. Cluster analysis revealed that stand types and trap types differed taxonomically. Principal component analysis showed that stand types were clearly separated by the stand parameters measured. Insect families (Formicidae, Thripidae, Lygaeidae, Dolichopodidae, Luaxanidae, Cicadellidae and Ichneumonidae) could potentially be used as indicators of coppice oak conditions. As the coppice oak changes to mature forest, further studies are needed to better assess the relation between arthropods, forest types and structural characteristics of stands.

Keywords

Elevation, Quercus, Recognizable Taxonomic Units, Trap Types, Stand Types, Stand Characteristics

Authors’ address

(1)

Duzce University, Faculty of Forestry, Wildlife Ecology and Management, Duzce (Turkey)

(2)

Istanbul University, Faculty of Forestry, Forest Entomology and Protection Department, Istanbul (Turkey)

(3)

Istanbul University, Faculty of Forestry, Soil Science and Ecology Department, Istanbul (Turkey)

(4)

Duzce University, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Management, Duzce (Turkey)

(5)

Istanbul University, Faculty of Forestry, Forest Yield and Biometry Department, Istanbul (Turkey)

(6)

Istanbul University, Forestry Vocational High School, Ornamental Plants Growing Program, Istanbul (Turkey)

(7)

Istanbul University, Faculty of Forestry, Silviculture Department, Istanbul (Turkey)

(8)

West Virginia University, Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, Morgantown, West Virginia (USA)

Corresponding author

Akif Keten
akifketen@yahoo.com

Citation

Keten A, Beskardes V, Kumbasli M, Makineci E, Zengin H, Özdemir E, Yilmaz E, Yilmaz HC, Caliskan S, Anderson JT (2014). Arthropod diversity in pure oak forests of coppice origin in northern Thrace (Turkey). iForest 8: 615-623. - doi: 10.3832/ifor1318-007

Academic Editor

Massimo Faccoli

Paper history

Received: Apr 20, 2014
Accepted: Aug 19, 2014

First online: Dec 17, 2014
Publication Date: Oct 01, 2015
Publication Time: 4.00 months

Open Access

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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