Open field-applicable instrumental methods for structural and functional assessment of whole trees and stands
Jan Cermák , Nadezhda Nadezhdina, Miroslav Trcala, Jaroslav Simon
iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, Volume 8, Issue 3, Pages 226-278 (2015)
doi: https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor1116-008
Published: Sep 03, 2014 - Copyright © 2015 SISEF
Review Papers
Abstract
This illustrated review is aimed to provide succinct account of different methods applicable for obtaining objective information about the functional ecology of forest sites and stands (and also, e.g., orchards, watersheds, parks or alleys) for the purposes of phytotechnology or precise forestry. Management strategies must consider preservation of many important functions of forests in the landscape. Management methodologies include classical forestry approaches based on classification of the natural environment according to climatic zones, soil characteristics and composition of herbaceous as well as woody vegetation. One possibility for obtaining objective information came with the development of ecologically applicable instrumentation, allowing studies on the whole tree and stand levels to be undertaken anywhere in the field. Information may be derived at sites that are not permanently observed and are not equipped with additional constructions, such as towers, masts, or greenhouses. These field applicable methods are focused especially on tree and stand macrostructure, water relations and functional parameters of trees. In addition, problems associated with interactions between trees and different organisms are also discussed. A series of methods based on different principles is useful to measure mostly quantitative, operative or effective tree parameters as tree crowns and leaf distribution, stems (or large tree trunks) and root systems including skeleton and absorptive fine roots. This is sometimes possible to do with rather simple methods, but instrumental methods prevail especially for root studies. In addition to several classical measurement principles including anatomical or mechanical sensing, the methods work with sound speed (acoustic tomography) using electromagnetic rays of different wavelength (from radar to optical), electric conductivity or impedance, supersonic air stream and thermodynamics for example. Methods for data evaluation and examples of application are also included. The whole complex system approach should serve for different scientific fields (including hydrology, landscape care, horticulture, forensic engineering, etc.) and especially to support precise forestry.
Keywords
Instrumental and Simple Methods, Geometrical and Effective Parameters, Tree Crown, Stem (trunk) and Root System, Complex Studies, Water and Energy
Authors’ Info
Authors’ address
(1)
Jan Cermák
Nadezhda Nadezhdina
Miroslav Trcala
Jaroslav Simon
Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelská 3, 61300 Brno (Czech Republic)
Nadezhda Nadezhdina
Miroslav Trcala
Jaroslav Simon
Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelská 3, 61300 Brno (Czech Republic)
Corresponding author
Paper Info
Citation
Cermák J, Nadezhdina N, Trcala M, Simon J (2015). Open field-applicable instrumental methods for structural and functional assessment of whole trees and stands. iForest 8: 226-278. - doi: 10.3832/ifor1116-008
Academic Editor
Marco Borghetti
Paper history
Received: Aug 31, 2013
Accepted: May 13, 2014
First online: Sep 03, 2014
Publication Date: Jun 01, 2015
Publication Time: 3.77 months
Copyright Information
© SISEF - The Italian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology 2015
Open Access
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Web Metrics
Breakdown by View Type
(Waiting for server response...)
Article Usage
Total Article Views: 64689
(from publication date up to now)
Breakdown by View Type
HTML Page Views: 54249
Abstract Page Views: 3194
PDF Downloads: 5764
Citation/Reference Downloads: 83
XML Downloads: 1399
Web Metrics
Days since publication: 3732
Overall contacts: 64689
Avg. contacts per week: 121.34
Citation Metrics
Article Citations
Article citations are based on data periodically collected from the Clarivate Web of Science web site
(last update: Feb 2023)
Total number of cites (since 2015): 14
Average cites per year: 1.56
Publication Metrics
by Dimensions ©
Articles citing this article
List of the papers citing this article based on CrossRef Cited-by.
References
(1)
Alexandr P, Cermák J, Fér F (2006)
Background for objectification of forensic expertises based on historical data and functional diagnostics of trees applied on an example of Šumava Mountains national park In: Proceedings of the Meeting “Historie a vývoj lesu v českých zemích” [Forest history and their development in Czechia] (Neuhoferová P ed). Šumava na Srní (Czech Republic) 17-18 Sep 2006, pp. 71-80. [in Czech with English abstract]
Gscholar
Background for objectification of forensic expertises based on historical data and functional diagnostics of trees applied on an example of Šumava Mountains national park In: Proceedings of the Meeting “Historie a vývoj lesu v českých zemích” [Forest history and their development in Czechia] (Neuhoferová P ed). Šumava na Srní (Czech Republic) 17-18 Sep 2006, pp. 71-80. [in Czech with English abstract]
Gscholar
(2)
Alexandr P, Fér F, Matejícek J, Rebrošová K, Stanek J, Soukup M (2010)
Forensic ecotechnics - forest and woody species. Acad Publ, CERM, Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 626. [in Czech] [ISBN 978-80-7204-681-2]
Gscholar
Forensic ecotechnics - forest and woody species. Acad Publ, CERM, Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 626. [in Czech] [ISBN 978-80-7204-681-2]
Gscholar
(3)
(4)
(5)
Amato M, Lapenna V, Rossi R, Bitella G (2012)
Multi-electrode resistivity imaging. In: “Measuring roots, and updated approach” (Mancuso S ed). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 189-212.
Gscholar
Multi-electrode resistivity imaging. In: “Measuring roots, and updated approach” (Mancuso S ed). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 189-212.
Gscholar
(6)
Annan AP (2004)
Ground penetrating radar, principles, procedures and applications. Sensors and Software, Mississauga, Canada, pp. 203.
Gscholar
Ground penetrating radar, principles, procedures and applications. Sensors and Software, Mississauga, Canada, pp. 203.
Gscholar
(7)
Assman E (1968)
Waldertragskunde [Forest yield science]. Bayerischer Landwirtschaftsverlag GmbH V Verlaggesellschaft, Munchen, Bonn, Wien, pp. 488.
Gscholar
Waldertragskunde [Forest yield science]. Bayerischer Landwirtschaftsverlag GmbH V Verlaggesellschaft, Munchen, Bonn, Wien, pp. 488.
Gscholar
(8)
(9)
Bagar R, Nekovár J (2003)
Contribution to climate development in Central Europe. In: “Tharandter Klimaprotokolle Band 9. Tagungsband 5, BIOMET-Tagung Mensch-Pflanze-Atmosphere”. Eigenverlag der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, pp. 190-192. [ISSN 14 36-5235]
Gscholar
Contribution to climate development in Central Europe. In: “Tharandter Klimaprotokolle Band 9. Tagungsband 5, BIOMET-Tagung Mensch-Pflanze-Atmosphere”. Eigenverlag der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, pp. 190-192. [ISSN 14 36-5235]
Gscholar
(10)
Bagar R, Nejedlík P, Nekovár J (2009)
Growing conditions comparison inside the 1st to 4th forest vegetation layer. Meteorologický časopis 12: 17-23.
Gscholar
Growing conditions comparison inside the 1st to 4th forest vegetation layer. Meteorologický časopis 12: 17-23.
Gscholar
(11)
Balek J, Cermák J, Kuera J, Palouš M, Prax A (1985)
The possibilities to estimate transpiration by remote sensing. Vodohospodárský časopis 33 (5): 497-505. [in Czech]
Gscholar
The possibilities to estimate transpiration by remote sensing. Vodohospodárský časopis 33 (5): 497-505. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(12)
(13)
Bele J (1975)
The importance of evapotranspiration for silviculture of spruce forests in different vegetation zones. Lesnická práce 54: 312-316. [in Czech]
Gscholar
The importance of evapotranspiration for silviculture of spruce forests in different vegetation zones. Lesnická práce 54: 312-316. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(14)
(15)
Bucek A, Kopecká V (2001)
Trend of vegetation belts shifts as a result of possible global climatic changes. Problematika lesnické typologie 3: 12-16. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Trend of vegetation belts shifts as a result of possible global climatic changes. Problematika lesnické typologie 3: 12-16. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(16)
Bucek A, Lacina J (1999)
Geobiocenology II. Geobiocenological typology of Czech landscape. Mendel Univ. Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 250. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Geobiocenology II. Geobiocenological typology of Czech landscape. Mendel Univ. Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 250. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(17)
Bucek A, Vlcková V (2009)
Scenario of vegetation zone changes in the Czech Republic: ten years after. Ochrana prírody [Nature Protection] 64: 8-11.
Gscholar
Scenario of vegetation zone changes in the Czech Republic: ten years after. Ochrana prírody [Nature Protection] 64: 8-11.
Gscholar
(18)
Bucek A, Vlcková V (2011)
Collection of maps with prognosis of possible impacts of global climatic changes on the nature in the Czech Republic. Acta Pruhoniciana 98: 83-88.
Gscholar
Collection of maps with prognosis of possible impacts of global climatic changes on the nature in the Czech Republic. Acta Pruhoniciana 98: 83-88.
Gscholar
(19)
(20)
Bucek A (2010)
Biogeographic and geobiocenologic frames of management strategy. In: “Management strategy of forested areas with special levels of protection” (Simon J et al. eds). Lesnická práce, Kostelec n/čl, Czech Republic, pp. 92-106.
Gscholar
Biogeographic and geobiocenologic frames of management strategy. In: “Management strategy of forested areas with special levels of protection” (Simon J et al. eds). Lesnická práce, Kostelec n/čl, Czech Republic, pp. 92-106.
Gscholar
(21)
(22)
(23)
(24)
(25)
Butnor JR, Barton C, Day FP, Johansen KH, Mucciardi AN, Schroeder R, Stover DB (2012)
Using ground penetrating radar to detect tree roots and estimate biomass. 213-246pp. In: “Measuring roots, and updated approach” (Mancuso S ed). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 382.
Gscholar
Using ground penetrating radar to detect tree roots and estimate biomass. 213-246pp. In: “Measuring roots, and updated approach” (Mancuso S ed). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 382.
Gscholar
(26)
Cajander AK (1905)
Die Alluvionen des unteren Lena-Thales [The alluvial deposits of the lower Lena-Thales]. Acta Soc Sci Fenn, Helsingfors, Finland, vol. 32/1, pp. 182. [in German]
Gscholar
Die Alluvionen des unteren Lena-Thales [The alluvial deposits of the lower Lena-Thales]. Acta Soc Sci Fenn, Helsingfors, Finland, vol. 32/1, pp. 182. [in German]
Gscholar
(27)
Cajander AK (1926)
The theory of forest types. Acta Forestalia Fennica, Helsingfors, Finland, vol. 29, pp. 108.
Gscholar
The theory of forest types. Acta Forestalia Fennica, Helsingfors, Finland, vol. 29, pp. 108.
Gscholar
(28)
(29)
(30)
(31)
Cermák J, Kucera J (1990a)
Water uptake in healthy and ill trees under drought and hypoxia and non-invasive assessment of the effective size of root systems. In: Proceedings of the COST 612 Workshop “Above and belowground interactions in forest trees in acidified soils” (Persson H ed). Simlangsdalen (Sweden) 21-23 May 1990, pp. 185-195.
Gscholar
Water uptake in healthy and ill trees under drought and hypoxia and non-invasive assessment of the effective size of root systems. In: Proceedings of the COST 612 Workshop “Above and belowground interactions in forest trees in acidified soils” (Persson H ed). Simlangsdalen (Sweden) 21-23 May 1990, pp. 185-195.
Gscholar
(32)
Cermák J, Kucera J (1990b)
Scaling up transpiration data between trees, stands and watersheds. Silva Carelica 15: 101-120.
Gscholar
Scaling up transpiration data between trees, stands and watersheds. Silva Carelica 15: 101-120.
Gscholar
(33)
Cermák J, Kucera J (1991)
Extremely fast changes of xylem water flow rate in mature trees, caused by atmospheric, soil and mechanical factors. In: Proceedings of the CEC International Workshop “Methodologies to assess the impacts of climatic changes on vegetation: Analysis of water transport in plants and cavitation of xylem transport in plants and cavitation of xylem conduits” (Raschi A, Borghetti M eds). Firenze (Italy) 29-31 May 1991, pp. 181-190.
Gscholar
Extremely fast changes of xylem water flow rate in mature trees, caused by atmospheric, soil and mechanical factors. In: Proceedings of the CEC International Workshop “Methodologies to assess the impacts of climatic changes on vegetation: Analysis of water transport in plants and cavitation of xylem transport in plants and cavitation of xylem conduits” (Raschi A, Borghetti M eds). Firenze (Italy) 29-31 May 1991, pp. 181-190.
Gscholar
(34)
Cermák J, Michálek J (1991)
Selection of sample trees in forest stands using the “quantils of total”. Lesnictvi (Forestry) 37 (1): 49-60. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Selection of sample trees in forest stands using the “quantils of total”. Lesnictvi (Forestry) 37 (1): 49-60. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(35)
Cermák J, Nadezhdina N (2009)
Application of sap flow technique for characterizing the whole tree architecture, especially root distribution. In: Proceeedings of the “7th International Workshop on Sap Flow”. Seville (Spain) 21-24 October 2008. Acta Horticulturae (ISHS) 846: 219-228.
Gscholar
Application of sap flow technique for characterizing the whole tree architecture, especially root distribution. In: Proceeedings of the “7th International Workshop on Sap Flow”. Seville (Spain) 21-24 October 2008. Acta Horticulturae (ISHS) 846: 219-228.
Gscholar
(36)
Cermák J, Nadezhdina N (2011a)
Field studies of whole-tree leaf and roots distribution and water relations in several European forests. In: “Forest Management and the Water Cycle” (Bredemeier M, Cohen S, Godbold D, Lode E, Pichler V, Schleppi P eds). Ecological studies, vol. 212, Part 1, Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 380.
CrossRef | Gscholar
Field studies of whole-tree leaf and roots distribution and water relations in several European forests. In: “Forest Management and the Water Cycle” (Bredemeier M, Cohen S, Godbold D, Lode E, Pichler V, Schleppi P eds). Ecological studies, vol. 212, Part 1, Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 380.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(37)
Cermák J, Nadezhdina N (2011b)
Sap flow technology used in a non-traditional way including relations to tree structure. In: Proceedings of the “8th International Workshop on Sap Flow”. Volterra (Italy) 8-12 May 2011. Acta Horticulturae 951: 215-223.
Gscholar
Sap flow technology used in a non-traditional way including relations to tree structure. In: Proceedings of the “8th International Workshop on Sap Flow”. Volterra (Italy) 8-12 May 2011. Acta Horticulturae 951: 215-223.
Gscholar
(38)
Cermák J, Nadezhdina N (2011c)
Instrumental approaches for studying tree water relations along gradients of tree size and forest age. In: “Size- and Age-Related Changes in Tree Structure and Function” (Meinzer FC, Dawson T, Lachenbruch B). Springer, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, pp. 385-426.
Gscholar
Instrumental approaches for studying tree water relations along gradients of tree size and forest age. In: “Size- and Age-Related Changes in Tree Structure and Function” (Meinzer FC, Dawson T, Lachenbruch B). Springer, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, pp. 385-426.
Gscholar
(39)
Cermák J, Novák J (1987)
Composition of organic volatile compounds in the atmosphere of forest ecosystems as studied by gas-chromatography. Ekologia 6 (3): 251-264.
Gscholar
Composition of organic volatile compounds in the atmosphere of forest ecosystems as studied by gas-chromatography. Ekologia 6 (3): 251-264.
Gscholar
(40)
(41)
(42)
Cermák J, Urban J (1995)
Volatile organic substances released by forest trees - primary attraction and indication of stresses. In: Proceedings of the Workshop “Zvelebení lesních ekosystému”. VÚLHM-SB-NLK, Opocno (Czech Republic) 5-9 Nov 1995. [in Czech with English abstract]
Gscholar
Volatile organic substances released by forest trees - primary attraction and indication of stresses. In: Proceedings of the Workshop “Zvelebení lesních ekosystému”. VÚLHM-SB-NLK, Opocno (Czech Republic) 5-9 Nov 1995. [in Czech with English abstract]
Gscholar
(43)
Cermák J (1986)
Short- and long-term response of transpiration flow rate in full-grown trees to water stress. In: Proceedings of the “18th IUFRO World Congress, Whole-Plant Physiology Working Party (S 2.01-15)”. Ljubljana (Yugoslavia) 7-21 Sep 1986. Yugoslav IUFRO World Congress Organizing Committee, Plesko, Ljubljana, Slovenia, pp. 187-193.
Gscholar
Short- and long-term response of transpiration flow rate in full-grown trees to water stress. In: Proceedings of the “18th IUFRO World Congress, Whole-Plant Physiology Working Party (S 2.01-15)”. Ljubljana (Yugoslavia) 7-21 Sep 1986. Yugoslav IUFRO World Congress Organizing Committee, Plesko, Ljubljana, Slovenia, pp. 187-193.
Gscholar
(44)
(45)
(46)
Cermák J (1991)
Tree transpiration and its importance in forest ecology. PhD Thesis, Faculty of Forestry, Mendel University in Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 97+317.
Gscholar
Tree transpiration and its importance in forest ecology. PhD Thesis, Faculty of Forestry, Mendel University in Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 97+317.
Gscholar
(47)
(48)
Cermák J (1999)
Vertical distribution of foliage in Moravian floodplain forests. Ekologia 18: 15-24.
Gscholar
Vertical distribution of foliage in Moravian floodplain forests. Ekologia 18: 15-24.
Gscholar
(49)
(50)
(51)
(52)
Cermák J, Kucera J, Prax A, Stepánková M (1985)
Transpiration der Fichte (Picea abies (L.) Karst. ) unter Feuchtigkeitstress in Gebiet des Tharandter Waldes [Transpiration of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) under moisture stress in area of Tharandter forest]. In: Proceedings of the Symposium “Ausgewählte Probleme der Gehölzphysiologie” (Tesche M, Feiler S eds). Techical University Dresden, Tharandt, Dresden, Germany, pp. 77-81. [in German]
Gscholar
Transpiration der Fichte (Picea abies (L.) Karst. ) unter Feuchtigkeitstress in Gebiet des Tharandter Waldes [Transpiration of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) under moisture stress in area of Tharandter forest]. In: Proceedings of the Symposium “Ausgewählte Probleme der Gehölzphysiologie” (Tesche M, Feiler S eds). Techical University Dresden, Tharandt, Dresden, Germany, pp. 77-81. [in German]
Gscholar
(53)
Cermák J, Janícek R, Tesar V, Oszlányi J (1990a)
Estimation of needle distribution in crowns of large trees. Agr Univ, Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 30. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Estimation of needle distribution in crowns of large trees. Agr Univ, Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 30. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(54)
Cermák J, Kucera J, Bednárová E (1990b)
Measurement and evaluation of transpiration of woody species (oak and spruce). In: “Mlynáruv luh, Krivoklátsko region”. Research Report, Institute of Forest Ecology, Agriculture Univeristy, Brno, Czech Republic (for the Central Geological Institute, Prague), pp. 60.[in Czech]
Gscholar
Measurement and evaluation of transpiration of woody species (oak and spruce). In: “Mlynáruv luh, Krivoklátsko region”. Research Report, Institute of Forest Ecology, Agriculture Univeristy, Brno, Czech Republic (for the Central Geological Institute, Prague), pp. 60.[in Czech]
Gscholar
(55)
Cermák J, Kucera J, Janíček R (1992a)
The “Roof” project in Rajec. In: Proceedings of the Symposium “Experimental Manipulations of Ecosystems”. Copenhagen (Denmark) 18-20 May 1992, pp. 1-7.
Gscholar
The “Roof” project in Rajec. In: Proceedings of the Symposium “Experimental Manipulations of Ecosystems”. Copenhagen (Denmark) 18-20 May 1992, pp. 1-7.
Gscholar
(56)
(57)
(58)
Cermák J, Matyssek R, Kucera J (1993b)
The causes of beech decline on heavy soils after sudden reduction of stand density. Lesnictví-Forestry 39 (5): 175-183. [in Czech]
Gscholar
The causes of beech decline on heavy soils after sudden reduction of stand density. Lesnictví-Forestry 39 (5): 175-183. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(59)
(60)
Cermák J, Hruška J, Martinková M, Prax A (2000a)
Urban tree root systems and their survival near houses analyzed using ground penetrating radar and sap flow techniques. Plant and Soil 219 (1-2): 103-115.
Gscholar
Urban tree root systems and their survival near houses analyzed using ground penetrating radar and sap flow techniques. Plant and Soil 219 (1-2): 103-115.
Gscholar
(61)
(62)
Cermák J, Kucera J, Prax A, Bednárová E, Tatarinov F, Nadyezhdin V (2001)
Long-term course of transpiration in a floodplain forest in southern Moravia associated with changes of underground water table. Ekologia 20 (1): 92-115.
Gscholar
Long-term course of transpiration in a floodplain forest in southern Moravia associated with changes of underground water table. Ekologia 20 (1): 92-115.
Gscholar
(63)
(64)
(65)
(66)
(67)
(68)
Cermák J, Ulrich R, Culek I, Cermák M (2008b)
Visualization of root systems by the supersonic air stream. In: “Determination of damage to soil and root system of forest trees by the operation of logging machines” (Neruda J ed). Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Publishing House, Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 89-95.
Gscholar
Visualization of root systems by the supersonic air stream. In: “Determination of damage to soil and root system of forest trees by the operation of logging machines” (Neruda J ed). Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Publishing House, Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 89-95.
Gscholar
(69)
Cermák J, Nadezhdina N, Meiresonne L, Ceulemans R (2008c)
Scots pine root distribution derived from radial sap flow patterns in stems of large leaning trees. Plant and Soil 305 (1-2): 61-75.
Gscholar
Scots pine root distribution derived from radial sap flow patterns in stems of large leaning trees. Plant and Soil 305 (1-2): 61-75.
Gscholar
(70)
(71)
Cerny M, Malík J, Parez J (2004)
Methods for forest management planning on the basis of forestry inventory data. Institute for Forest Ecology Research, Ministerstvo Zemedelství, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 214. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Methods for forest management planning on the basis of forestry inventory data. Institute for Forest Ecology Research, Ministerstvo Zemedelství, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 214. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(72)
Champion GG, Seth SK (1968)
A revised surway of the forest types in India. Government of India, Delhi, India, pp. 404.
Gscholar
A revised surway of the forest types in India. Government of India, Delhi, India, pp. 404.
Gscholar
(73)
(74)
Chytry M, Kucera T, Kočí M, Grulich V, Lustyk P (2010)
Catalogue of biotopes of the Czech Republic. Agentura ochrany prírody a krajiny Ceské republiky, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 446.
Gscholar
Catalogue of biotopes of the Czech Republic. Agentura ochrany prírody a krajiny Ceské republiky, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 446.
Gscholar
(75)
Clements FE (1904)
The development and structure of vegetation. Studies in the vegetation of the state, III. Botanical Surway, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA, pp. 176.
Gscholar
The development and structure of vegetation. Studies in the vegetation of the state, III. Botanical Surway, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA, pp. 176.
Gscholar
(76)
(77)
(78)
(79)
(80)
Deml M, Kucera J, Cermák J (1993)
Measurement of the xylem water flow in trees with the method of trunk heat balance. In: Proceedings of the Symposium of the National Committee IMECO “Flow’93”. Prague (Czech Republic) May 1993, Tech-Market, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 31-40.
Gscholar
Measurement of the xylem water flow in trees with the method of trunk heat balance. In: Proceedings of the Symposium of the National Committee IMECO “Flow’93”. Prague (Czech Republic) May 1993, Tech-Market, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 31-40.
Gscholar
(81)
Ellenberg V (1963)
Vegetation Mittleuropas mit den Alpen in okologischer, dynamischer and historical Sicht [Vegetation of Central Europe and the Alps in ecological, dynamic and historical perspective]. Eugen Ulmer GmbH and Co, Stuttgart-Hohenheim, Germany, pp. 1095.
Gscholar
Vegetation Mittleuropas mit den Alpen in okologischer, dynamischer and historical Sicht [Vegetation of Central Europe and the Alps in ecological, dynamic and historical perspective]. Eugen Ulmer GmbH and Co, Stuttgart-Hohenheim, Germany, pp. 1095.
Gscholar
(82)
Fabrika M, Pretzsch H (2011)
Analysis and modeling of forest ecosystems. Publ. House of Tech. Univ. Zvolen, Slovakia, pp. 600. [in Slovak]
Gscholar
Analysis and modeling of forest ecosystems. Publ. House of Tech. Univ. Zvolen, Slovakia, pp. 600. [in Slovak]
Gscholar
(83)
(84)
Fujimori T, Whitehead D (1986)
Crown and canopy structure in relation to productivity. In: Proceedings of the International workshop “Forest Crown and Productivity”. Tokio (Japan) 14-20 Oct 1985. Tokyo University, Japan, pp. 1-6.
Gscholar
Crown and canopy structure in relation to productivity. In: Proceedings of the International workshop “Forest Crown and Productivity”. Tokio (Japan) 14-20 Oct 1985. Tokyo University, Japan, pp. 1-6.
Gscholar
(85)
Gebauer R, Martinková M (2008)
Determining the impact of heavy machines on the Norway spruce - Histology and morphology of roots. In: “Determination of damage to soil and root system of forest trees by the operation of logging machines” (Neruda J ed). Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Publishing House, Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 82-84.
Gscholar
Determining the impact of heavy machines on the Norway spruce - Histology and morphology of roots. In: “Determination of damage to soil and root system of forest trees by the operation of logging machines” (Neruda J ed). Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Publishing House, Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 82-84.
Gscholar
(86)
Habrová H, Buček A (2010)
Vegetation and geobiocoenological typology of the Soquotra Island. In: “Tropentag 2010. World food system / A contribution from Europe”. Cuvillier Verlag, Gottingen, Germany, pp. 206. [ISBN 978-3-86955-455-6]
Gscholar
Vegetation and geobiocoenological typology of the Soquotra Island. In: “Tropentag 2010. World food system / A contribution from Europe”. Cuvillier Verlag, Gottingen, Germany, pp. 206. [ISBN 978-3-86955-455-6]
Gscholar
(87)
Habrová H (2004)
Geobiocoenological differentiation as a tool for sustainable land-use of Socotra Island (Republic of Yemen). Ekológia 23 (Suppl. 1): 47-57.
Gscholar
Geobiocoenological differentiation as a tool for sustainable land-use of Socotra Island (Republic of Yemen). Ekológia 23 (Suppl. 1): 47-57.
Gscholar
(88)
(89)
Hagrey SA (2012)
Geophysical imaging techniques. In: “Measuring Roots: an Updated Approach” (Mancuso S ed). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 151-188.
Gscholar
Geophysical imaging techniques. In: “Measuring Roots: an Updated Approach” (Mancuso S ed). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 151-188.
Gscholar
(90)
Hagrey SA, Meissner R, Werban U, Rabbel W, Ismaeil A (2004a)
Hydro-bio-geophysics. The Leading Edge 23: 670-674.
Gscholar
Hydro-bio-geophysics. The Leading Edge 23: 670-674.
Gscholar
(91)
(92)
Halaj J, Grék J, Pánek F, Petráš R, Rehák J (1987)
Growth tables of main tree species of Czechoslovakia. Príroda, Bratislava, Slovakia, pp. 362. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Growth tables of main tree species of Czechoslovakia. Príroda, Bratislava, Slovakia, pp. 362. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(93)
Hales S (1727)
Vegetable statics, or, an account of some statical experiments on the sap in vegetables. W and J Innys, and T Woodward, London, UK.
Gscholar
Vegetable statics, or, an account of some statical experiments on the sap in vegetables. W and J Innys, and T Woodward, London, UK.
Gscholar
(94)
Hanafy SM, Hagrey SA (2006)
Radar tomography for soil moisture heterogeneity. Geophysics 71: k9-k18. Publ. House of Technical Univ, Zvolen, Slovakia, pp. 600.
Gscholar
Radar tomography for soil moisture heterogeneity. Geophysics 71: k9-k18. Publ. House of Technical Univ, Zvolen, Slovakia, pp. 600.
Gscholar
(95)
Honzová M, Cermák J (2012)
Calculation of the size of the surface area of deciduous trees and their potential for eventual use in a forensic-expert practice. In: Proceedings of the XXI International Scientific Conference on Forensic Engineering “ExFoS - Expert Forensic Science”. Brno (Czech Republic) 20-21 Jan 2012, pp. 1-11.
Gscholar
Calculation of the size of the surface area of deciduous trees and their potential for eventual use in a forensic-expert practice. In: Proceedings of the XXI International Scientific Conference on Forensic Engineering “ExFoS - Expert Forensic Science”. Brno (Czech Republic) 20-21 Jan 2012, pp. 1-11.
Gscholar
(96)
Hruška J (2002)
Estimates of the health state of tree stems in the park of the castle Sychrov. Research report for municipial authorities by Kolejservis s.r.o., Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 12.
Gscholar
Estimates of the health state of tree stems in the park of the castle Sychrov. Research report for municipial authorities by Kolejservis s.r.o., Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 12.
Gscholar
(97)
(98)
Hruška J (2008)
Visualization of root systems by georadar. In: “Determination of damage to soil and root system of forest trees by the operation of logging machines” (Neruda J ed). Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 85-88.
Gscholar
Visualization of root systems by georadar. In: “Determination of damage to soil and root system of forest trees by the operation of logging machines” (Neruda J ed). Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 85-88.
Gscholar
(99)
Huber B (1926)
Ist der Baum ein System konstanter Wasserleitfahigkeit? [Is the tree a system of constant water conductivity?] Ber. d. dtsch. Bot. Ges 44: 16-36. [in German]
Gscholar
Ist der Baum ein System konstanter Wasserleitfahigkeit? [Is the tree a system of constant water conductivity?] Ber. d. dtsch. Bot. Ges 44: 16-36. [in German]
Gscholar
(100)
Huber B (1928)
Weitere quantitative Untersuchungen uber die Wasserleitung System der Pflanzen [Further quantitative studies on the water supply system of plants]. Jahrb. f. wiss. Bot 67: 879-959. [in German]
Gscholar
Weitere quantitative Untersuchungen uber die Wasserleitung System der Pflanzen [Further quantitative studies on the water supply system of plants]. Jahrb. f. wiss. Bot 67: 879-959. [in German]
Gscholar
(101)
Huttunen S, Heikkila H, Bucher J, Sundberg B, Jarvis P, Matyssek R (2001)
Trends in European forest tree physiology research. Eurosilva, Kluwer Academic Publishing, Dordrecht, Boston, London, pp. 264.
Gscholar
Trends in European forest tree physiology research. Eurosilva, Kluwer Academic Publishing, Dordrecht, Boston, London, pp. 264.
Gscholar
(102)
(103)
Ivanov LA (1961)
Biological background of turpentine exploitation in the USSR. Goslesbumizdat, Moscow-Leningrad, Russia, pp. 292. [in Russian]
Gscholar
Biological background of turpentine exploitation in the USSR. Goslesbumizdat, Moscow-Leningrad, Russia, pp. 292. [in Russian]
Gscholar
(104)
Jeník J (2014)
Roots and root system of trees. Opera rhizologica, Botanical Garden, Liberec, Czech Republic, pp. 326.
Gscholar
Roots and root system of trees. Opera rhizologica, Botanical Garden, Liberec, Czech Republic, pp. 326.
Gscholar
(105)
Jeník J, Lokvenc T (1962)
Die alpine Waldgrenze im Krkonoše Gebirge [The alpine timberline on the Krkonoše Mountains]. Rozpravy Cs. Akademie ved, rada matematických a prírodních ved, 72/1, pp. 67. [in German]
Gscholar
Die alpine Waldgrenze im Krkonoše Gebirge [The alpine timberline on the Krkonoše Mountains]. Rozpravy Cs. Akademie ved, rada matematických a prírodních ved, 72/1, pp. 67. [in German]
Gscholar
(106)
Jeník J (1957)
Root system of pedunculate and sessile oaks. Rozpravy Cs. Akademie ved, rada matematických a prírodních ved, 67/14, pp. 85. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Root system of pedunculate and sessile oaks. Rozpravy Cs. Akademie ved, rada matematických a prírodních ved, 67/14, pp. 85. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(107)
Jimenez MS, Cermák J, Kucera J, Morales D (1996)
Laurel forests in Tenerife, Canary Islands: the annual course of sap flow in Laurus trees and stand. Journal of Hydrology 183 (3-4): 305-319.
Gscholar
Laurel forests in Tenerife, Canary Islands: the annual course of sap flow in Laurus trees and stand. Journal of Hydrology 183 (3-4): 305-319.
Gscholar
(108)
(109)
Kasyakhenko AI (1980)
Root systems of grafted fruit trees. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, Ukraine, pp. 220. [in Russian]
Gscholar
Root systems of grafted fruit trees. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, Ukraine, pp. 220. [in Russian]
Gscholar
(110)
Kimmins JP (2004)
Forest ecology. A foundation for sustainable forest management and environmental ethics in forestry. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, USA, pp. 712.
Gscholar
Forest ecology. A foundation for sustainable forest management and environmental ethics in forestry. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, USA, pp. 712.
Gscholar
(111)
Klika J (1933)
The basis of geobotanical mapping in agriculture and forestry. Zemedelská Architektura 24: 403-412. [in Czech]
Gscholar
The basis of geobotanical mapping in agriculture and forestry. Zemedelská Architektura 24: 403-412. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(112)
Klika J, Novák V, Gregor A (1954)
Practicing phytocenology, ecology, climatology and soil science. Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 773. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Practicing phytocenology, ecology, climatology and soil science. Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 773. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(113)
(114)
Konopka B, Tsukahara H (2001)
Production and vertical distribution of fine and small roots in Japanese black pine on sandy soil. Journal of Forest Science 6: 277-284.
Gscholar
Production and vertical distribution of fine and small roots in Japanese black pine on sandy soil. Journal of Forest Science 6: 277-284.
Gscholar
(115)
Konopka B (2002)
Relationship between parameters of the aboveground parts and root system in Norway spruce with respect to soil drainage. Ekológia 21: 155-165.
Gscholar
Relationship between parameters of the aboveground parts and root system in Norway spruce with respect to soil drainage. Ekológia 21: 155-165.
Gscholar
(116)
Kopecká V, Buček A (1999)
Modeling the possible global climate change impacts in the Czech Republic. Agency for Natural Conservation and Landscape Protection of the Czech Republic, Prague - Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 27.
Gscholar
Modeling the possible global climate change impacts in the Czech Republic. Agency for Natural Conservation and Landscape Protection of the Czech Republic, Prague - Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 27.
Gscholar
(117)
Korf V (1955)
Forest management planning. National Agricult Publ House (SZN), Prague Czech Republic, pp. 364. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Forest management planning. National Agricult Publ House (SZN), Prague Czech Republic, pp. 364. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(118)
Korf V, Hubač K, Wolf J (1972)
Dendrometrie. National Agricult Publ House (SZN), Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 376. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Dendrometrie. National Agricult Publ House (SZN), Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 376. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(119)
Kormanik PP, Brown CL (1967)
Root buds and the development of root suckers in sweetgum. Forest Sciences 13: 338-345.
Gscholar
Root buds and the development of root suckers in sweetgum. Forest Sciences 13: 338-345.
Gscholar
(120)
Kostler JN, Bruckner E, Bibelriether H (1968)
Die Wurzeln der Waldbaume [The roots of forest trees]. Verlag Parey, Hamburg and Berlin, Germany, pp. 284. [in German]
Gscholar
Die Wurzeln der Waldbaume [The roots of forest trees]. Verlag Parey, Hamburg and Berlin, Germany, pp. 284. [in German]
Gscholar
(121)
(122)
(123)
(124)
Krajina VJ (1957)
Bioclimatic zones in British Columbia. Vancouver, Dept. of Botany, Botany series 1: 1-47.
Gscholar
Bioclimatic zones in British Columbia. Vancouver, Dept. of Botany, Botany series 1: 1-47.
Gscholar
(125)
Krajina VJ (1970)
Ecology of western north of America (voll. 1 and 2). Vancouver, BC, Canada, pp. 218.
Gscholar
Ecology of western north of America (voll. 1 and 2). Vancouver, BC, Canada, pp. 218.
Gscholar
(126)
Kramer H (1988)
Waldwachstumslehre [Forest growth teaching]. Paul Parey Verlag, Hamburg and Berlin, Germany, pp. 374.[in German]
Gscholar
Waldwachstumslehre [Forest growth teaching]. Paul Parey Verlag, Hamburg and Berlin, Germany, pp. 374.[in German]
Gscholar
(127)
(128)
Krejzar T, Kravka M (1998)
Sap flow and vessel distribution in annual rings and petioles of large oaks. Lesnictvi-Forestry 44 (5): 193-201.
Gscholar
Sap flow and vessel distribution in annual rings and petioles of large oaks. Lesnictvi-Forestry 44 (5): 193-201.
Gscholar
(129)
Krečmer V (1981)
Impact of forest management on landscape water relations. Acta Ecologica Naturale ac Regione, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 41-52. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Impact of forest management on landscape water relations. Acta Ecologica Naturale ac Regione, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 41-52. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(130)
Kusbach A (2002)
Regional plans of forest development. Brandys nad Labem, Lesnická práce, s.r.o. Kostelec nad Cernými lesy, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 190. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Regional plans of forest development. Brandys nad Labem, Lesnická práce, s.r.o. Kostelec nad Cernými lesy, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 190. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(131)
Kutschera L, Lichtenegger E (2002)
Wurzelatlas, mittleeuropaischer Waldbaume und Sträucher [Root Atlas, Central European forest trees and shrubs]. Leopold Stocker Verlag, Graz-Stuttgart, Germany, pp. 604. [in German]
Gscholar
Wurzelatlas, mittleeuropaischer Waldbaume und Sträucher [Root Atlas, Central European forest trees and shrubs]. Leopold Stocker Verlag, Graz-Stuttgart, Germany, pp. 604. [in German]
Gscholar
(132)
(133)
Lamee G (1837)
Sur les surfaces isothermes dans les corps homogenes en equilibre de temperature. J Math Pures Appl 2: 147-188. [in French]
Gscholar
Sur les surfaces isothermes dans les corps homogenes en equilibre de temperature. J Math Pures Appl 2: 147-188. [in French]
Gscholar
(134)
Larcher W (1995)
Physiological plant ecology. Ecophysiology and stress physiology of functional groups. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp. 506.
Gscholar
Physiological plant ecology. Ecophysiology and stress physiology of functional groups. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp. 506.
Gscholar
(135)
(136)
(137)
Lyr H, Polster H, Fiedler H-J (1967)
Physiology of woody species. VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, Germany, pp. 420.
Gscholar
Physiology of woody species. VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, Germany, pp. 420.
Gscholar
(138)
(139)
(140)
(141)
(142)
(143)
Martinková M, Cermák J (1994)
Physiological predisposition of forest woody species to an attack by phytophages and possibility of defense reactions. In: Proceedings of the National Conference “Bark-beetle calamity: causes, extent, defense”. Brno (Czech Rep), 17 Feb 1994. Publications of the Mendel Agricultural and Forestry University , Brno, Czeck Republic, pp. 25-37.
Gscholar
Physiological predisposition of forest woody species to an attack by phytophages and possibility of defense reactions. In: Proceedings of the National Conference “Bark-beetle calamity: causes, extent, defense”. Brno (Czech Rep), 17 Feb 1994. Publications of the Mendel Agricultural and Forestry University , Brno, Czeck Republic, pp. 25-37.
Gscholar
(144)
Matyssek R, Cermák J, Kucera J (1991)
Ursacheneingrenzung eines lokalen Buchensterbens mit einer Messmethode der Kronentranspiration [Localisation of causes of tree damage using the sap flow measurement method]. Schweiz Z Forstwes 142 (10): 809-828. [in German]
Gscholar
Ursacheneingrenzung eines lokalen Buchensterbens mit einer Messmethode der Kronentranspiration [Localisation of causes of tree damage using the sap flow measurement method]. Schweiz Z Forstwes 142 (10): 809-828. [in German]
Gscholar
(145)
(146)
Mednikov FA (1980)
Biological basis and technology of resin harvest. Lesnaya promyshlennost, Moscow, pp. 176. [in Russian]
Gscholar
Biological basis and technology of resin harvest. Lesnaya promyshlennost, Moscow, pp. 176. [in Russian]
Gscholar
(147)
(148)
Meinzer FC, Dawson T, Lachenbruch B (2011)
Size- and Age-Related Changes in Tree Structure and Function. Springer, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, pp. 510.
Gscholar
Size- and Age-Related Changes in Tree Structure and Function. Springer, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, pp. 510.
Gscholar
(149)
Meyer HA (1953)
Forest mensuration. Pennsylvania Valley Publ. Inc., State College, PA, USA, pp. 250.
Gscholar
Forest mensuration. Pennsylvania Valley Publ. Inc., State College, PA, USA, pp. 250.
Gscholar
(150)
(151)
(152)
Morales D, Gonzalez-Rodriguez AM, Cermák J, Jimenez MS (1996c)
Laurel forests in Tenerife, Canary Islands: the vertical profiles of leaf characteristics. Phyton 36 (2): 1-13.
Gscholar
Laurel forests in Tenerife, Canary Islands: the vertical profiles of leaf characteristics. Phyton 36 (2): 1-13.
Gscholar
(153)
(154)
(155)
Mráz K (1981)
Research results of the forest soil water relations 1970-1980. Lesnictví, Prague 27: 727-740. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Research results of the forest soil water relations 1970-1980. Lesnictví, Prague 27: 727-740. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(156)
Nadezhdina N, Cermák J (2000)
Changes in sap flow rate in tree trunks and roots after mechanical damage. In: Proceedings of the International Conference “Spruce Monocultures in Central Europe - Problems and Prospects” (Klimo E, Hager H, Kulhavý J eds). Brno (Czech Republic) 22-25 June 1998. EFI Proceedings 33: 167-175.
Gscholar
Changes in sap flow rate in tree trunks and roots after mechanical damage. In: Proceedings of the International Conference “Spruce Monocultures in Central Europe - Problems and Prospects” (Klimo E, Hager H, Kulhavý J eds). Brno (Czech Republic) 22-25 June 1998. EFI Proceedings 33: 167-175.
Gscholar
(157)
Nadezhdina N (1988)
Apple tree water relations and their optimization under conditions of southern Ukraine. PhD Thesis, Kiev, Ukraine, pp. 166. [in Russian]
Gscholar
Apple tree water relations and their optimization under conditions of southern Ukraine. PhD Thesis, Kiev, Ukraine, pp. 166. [in Russian]
Gscholar
(158)
Nadezhdina N (1989)
A physiological algorithm of woody plant irrigation control under air drought. Fiziologiaya rastenii 36 (5): 972-979. [in Russian]
Gscholar
A physiological algorithm of woody plant irrigation control under air drought. Fiziologiaya rastenii 36 (5): 972-979. [in Russian]
Gscholar
(159)
(160)
Nadezhdina N (2000)
Specificity of sap flow index for mist irrigation control. In: Proceedings of the “3rd Internatationl Symposium on Irrigation of Horticultural Crops” (Ferreira MI ed). Estoril (Portugal) 28 Jun - 2 July 1999, pp. 479-486.
Gscholar
Specificity of sap flow index for mist irrigation control. In: Proceedings of the “3rd Internatationl Symposium on Irrigation of Horticultural Crops” (Ferreira MI ed). Estoril (Portugal) 28 Jun - 2 July 1999, pp. 479-486.
Gscholar
(161)
Nadezhdina N (2009)
Additional information derived from detail analysis of raw temperature data measured with the HFD-method. Acta horticulturae 846 (1): 77-84.
Gscholar
Additional information derived from detail analysis of raw temperature data measured with the HFD-method. Acta horticulturae 846 (1): 77-84.
Gscholar
(162)
(163)
Nadezhdina N, Cermák J, Nadezhdin V (1998)
Heat field deformation method for sap flow measurements. In: Proceedings of the “4th International Workshop on Measuring Sap Flow in Intact Plants”. Zidlochovice (Czech Republic) 3-5 Oct 1998. IUFRO Publications, Publishing house of Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 72-92.
Gscholar
Heat field deformation method for sap flow measurements. In: Proceedings of the “4th International Workshop on Measuring Sap Flow in Intact Plants”. Zidlochovice (Czech Republic) 3-5 Oct 1998. IUFRO Publications, Publishing house of Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic, pp. 72-92.
Gscholar
(164)
(165)
(166)
(167)
(168)
(169)
(170)
(171)
Nadezhdina N, David TS, David JS, Nadezhdin V, Cermak J, Gebauer R, Ferreira MI, Conceicao N, Dohnal M, TesaÅ M, Gartner K, Ceulemans R (2012b)
Root function: in situ studies through sap flow research. In: “Measuring Roots: an Updated Approach” (Mancuso S ed). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 267-290.
CrossRef | Gscholar
Root function: in situ studies through sap flow research. In: “Measuring Roots: an Updated Approach” (Mancuso S ed). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 267-290.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(172)
Nadezhdina N, David TS, David JS, Nadezhdin V, Cermák J, Gebauer R, Ferreira MI, Conceicao N, Dohnal M, Tesar M, Gartner K, Ceulemans R (2012c)
Root structure: in situ studies through sap low research In: “Measuring Roots: An Updated Approach” (Mancuso S ed). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 247-266.
CrossRef | Gscholar
Root structure: in situ studies through sap low research In: “Measuring Roots: An Updated Approach” (Mancuso S ed). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 247-266.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(173)
Nathenson R, Jarabak A (2001)
The evolution of air tools for use in arboriculture. Tree Care Industry 2001: 47-48.
Gscholar
The evolution of air tools for use in arboriculture. Tree Care Industry 2001: 47-48.
Gscholar
(174)
Nekovár J, Koch E, Kubín E, Nejedlík P, Sparks T, Wielgolaski F-E (2008)
The history and current status of plant phenology in Europe. COST Action 725, Vammalan Kirjapaino Oy, Finland, pp. 182. [ISBN 978-951-40-2091-9]
Gscholar
The history and current status of plant phenology in Europe. COST Action 725, Vammalan Kirjapaino Oy, Finland, pp. 182. [ISBN 978-951-40-2091-9]
Gscholar
(175)
(176)
Nielsen CN (1995)
Detailed instructions for root architecture assessment with the root arch-method. Internal report No. 7, Project TREEARCH, Arboretum Royal Vet and Agricultural University, Hoersholm, Denmark, pp. 12.
Gscholar
Detailed instructions for root architecture assessment with the root arch-method. Internal report No. 7, Project TREEARCH, Arboretum Royal Vet and Agricultural University, Hoersholm, Denmark, pp. 12.
Gscholar
(177)
Novák J (1975)
Quantitative analysis by gas-chromatography. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, USA, pp. 176.
Gscholar
Quantitative analysis by gas-chromatography. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, USA, pp. 176.
Gscholar
(178)
Oltchev A, Cermák J, Nadezhdina N, Tatarinov F, Tischenko A, Ibrom A, Gravenhorst G (2002a)
Transpiration of a mixed forest stand: field measurements and simulation using SVAT models. Boreal Environental Research 7 (4): 389-397.
Gscholar
Transpiration of a mixed forest stand: field measurements and simulation using SVAT models. Boreal Environental Research 7 (4): 389-397.
Gscholar
(179)
Oltchev A, Cermák J, Gurtz J, Tischenko A, Kiely G, Nadezhdina N, Zappa M, Lebedeva N, Vitvar T, Albertson JD, Tatarinov F, Tischenko D, Nadezhdin V, Kozlov B, Ibrom A, Vygodskaya N, Gravenhorst G (2002b)
The response of the water fluxes of the boreal forest region at the Volga’s source area to climatic and land-use changes. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 27: 675-690.
CrossRef | Gscholar
The response of the water fluxes of the boreal forest region at the Volga’s source area to climatic and land-use changes. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 27: 675-690.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(180)
Pardé J (1962)
Dendrométrie. Eaux et Forêts, Imprimerie Louis-Jean Cap, Nancy, France, pp. 330. [in French]
Gscholar
Dendrométrie. Eaux et Forêts, Imprimerie Louis-Jean Cap, Nancy, France, pp. 330. [in French]
Gscholar
(181)
(182)
Perina V, Krečmer V (1979)
Management systems and their forms in forests with prevailing economical importance. Výzkumný ústav lesního hospodárství a myslivosti, Opočno, Czech Republic, pp. 85. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Management systems and their forms in forests with prevailing economical importance. Výzkumný ústav lesního hospodárství a myslivosti, Opočno, Czech Republic, pp. 85. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(183)
(184)
Philip MS (1994)
Measuring of trees and forests. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 310.
Gscholar
Measuring of trees and forests. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 310.
Gscholar
(185)
(186)
(187)
Plíva K, Pruša E (1969)
Typological background of silviculture. National Agricult Publ House (SZN), Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 400. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Typological background of silviculture. National Agricult Publ House (SZN), Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 400. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(188)
Plíva K, Zlábek I (1989)
Production planning systems in forestry. Ústav hospodárské úpravy lesu Brandýs nad Labem, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 208. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Production planning systems in forestry. Ústav hospodárské úpravy lesu Brandýs nad Labem, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 208. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(189)
Plíva K (2000)
Sustainable forest management based on forest typology classification. Brandys nad Labem, Ministerstvo zemedelství, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 222. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Sustainable forest management based on forest typology classification. Brandys nad Labem, Ministerstvo zemedelství, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 222. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(190)
Pretzsch H (2009)
Forest dynamics, growth and yield. From measurements to model. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 664.
Gscholar
Forest dynamics, growth and yield. From measurements to model. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 664.
Gscholar
(191)
(192)
Randuška D, Vorel J, Plíva K (1986)
Phytocenology and forest typology. SZN, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 340.
Gscholar
Phytocenology and forest typology. SZN, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 340.
Gscholar
(193)
Repo T, Laukkanen J, Sivennoinen R (2005)
Measuring tree root growth using electrical impedance spectroscopy. Silva Fennica 39: 159-166.
Gscholar
Measuring tree root growth using electrical impedance spectroscopy. Silva Fennica 39: 159-166.
Gscholar
(194)
(195)
Rinn F (2003)
Holzanatomische Grundlagen mechanischer impuls - Tomographie an Baumen [Wood anatomy background through mechanical pulses - tomografy of trees]. Allgemeine Forstwirtschaft 8: 450-456. [in German]
Gscholar
Holzanatomische Grundlagen mechanischer impuls - Tomographie an Baumen [Wood anatomy background through mechanical pulses - tomografy of trees]. Allgemeine Forstwirtschaft 8: 450-456. [in German]
Gscholar
(196)
Rinn F (2008)
Wurzeldiagnose mit einem Schalltomographen [Root diagnosis using tomography]. Allgemeine Forstwirtschaft 12: 603-631. [in German]
Gscholar
Wurzeldiagnose mit einem Schalltomographen [Root diagnosis using tomography]. Allgemeine Forstwirtschaft 12: 603-631. [in German]
Gscholar
(197)
Rizzo DM, Gross R (2000)
Rizzo DM, Gross R (2000): Distribution of Armillaria mellea on pear root systems and comparison of excavation techniques. In: “The Supporting Roots of Trees and Woody Plants: Form, Function and Physiology” (Stokes A ed). Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, vol. 87, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Neteherlands, pp. 305-311.
Gscholar
Rizzo DM, Gross R (2000): Distribution of Armillaria mellea on pear root systems and comparison of excavation techniques. In: “The Supporting Roots of Trees and Woody Plants: Form, Function and Physiology” (Stokes A ed). Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, vol. 87, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Neteherlands, pp. 305-311.
Gscholar
(198)
(199)
Rudinsky JA, Svihra P (1970)
Struktury transpiracneho prudu vody ihlicnatych stromov a ich ekologicke a fylogeneticke vztahy [Structures of sap flow in coniferous species and their ecological and phylogenetic relationships]. Lesnický časopis 16 (2): 143-156. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Struktury transpiracneho prudu vody ihlicnatych stromov a ich ekologicke a fylogeneticke vztahy [Structures of sap flow in coniferous species and their ecological and phylogenetic relationships]. Lesnický časopis 16 (2): 143-156. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(200)
Rudinsky JA (1959)
Systematics in the control of forest insects. Journal of Forestry 57 (4): 284-286.
Gscholar
Systematics in the control of forest insects. Journal of Forestry 57 (4): 284-286.
Gscholar
(201)
(202)
(203)
Schulze ED, Beck E, Muller-Hohenstein K (2002)
Plant ecology. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp. 702. [ISBN 3-540-20833-X]
Gscholar
Plant ecology. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp. 702. [ISBN 3-540-20833-X]
Gscholar
(204)
Schwappach A (1923)
Leitfaden der Holzmesskunde [Yield tables]. Verlag Julius Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 173. [in German]
Gscholar
Leitfaden der Holzmesskunde [Yield tables]. Verlag Julius Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 173. [in German]
Gscholar
(205)
(206)
Simon J, Cermák J (2011)
Assessment of rot in stem base and roots. Lesnická práce 90 (12): 40/833-41/834. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Assessment of rot in stem base and roots. Lesnická práce 90 (12): 40/833-41/834. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(207)
Simon J, Buček A, Skoup A, Vacek S (2010)
Management strategy of forested areas with special status of protection. General part I, Publ. Lesnická práce, s. r. o. Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 448. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Management strategy of forested areas with special status of protection. General part I, Publ. Lesnická práce, s. r. o. Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 448. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(208)
Slavík B, Slavíková J, Jeník J (1957)
Ecology of of mixed forests. Series of mathematical and natural sciences, Rozpr. Cs. Acad. Sci. Prague, Czech Republic, vol. 67/2, pp. 158. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Ecology of of mixed forests. Series of mathematical and natural sciences, Rozpr. Cs. Acad. Sci. Prague, Czech Republic, vol. 67/2, pp. 158. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(209)
(210)
Smelko S (2007)
Dendrometrie. Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia, pp. 326. [in Slovak]
Gscholar
Dendrometrie. Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia, pp. 326. [in Slovak]
Gscholar
(211)
Smelko S, Wenk G, Antanajtis V (1992)
Growth, structure and production of forests. Publ. Priroda, Bratislava, Slovakia, pp. 342. [in Slovak]
Gscholar
Growth, structure and production of forests. Publ. Priroda, Bratislava, Slovakia, pp. 342. [in Slovak]
Gscholar
(212)
(213)
(214)
Stanek Z (1997)
Physical aspects of resistance measurement in plants and their ecological applications. Dept. of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 166. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Physical aspects of resistance measurement in plants and their ecological applications. Dept. of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 166. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(215)
Stepánek V, Penka M, Cermák J (1972)
Physiology of nourishment of juvenile woody species - transpiration and shoot water content in oak. Research Report, Forest Faculty, Agriculture University, Brno, Czech Republic, VU: VI-5-1, pp. 45. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Physiology of nourishment of juvenile woody species - transpiration and shoot water content in oak. Research Report, Forest Faculty, Agriculture University, Brno, Czech Republic, VU: VI-5-1, pp. 45. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(216)
Sterba P (2004)
National forest inventory in the Czech Republic 2001-2004. Universität Bodenkultur, Wien, Österreich, pp. 224. [in Czech]
Gscholar
National forest inventory in the Czech Republic 2001-2004. Universität Bodenkultur, Wien, Österreich, pp. 224. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(217)
Stokes A, Fourcaud T, Hruska J, Cermák J, Nadyezhdina N, Nadyezhdin V, Praus L (2002)
An evaluation of different methods to investigate root system architecture of urban trees in situ. I. Ground penetrating radar. Journal of Arboriculture 28-1: 1-9.
Gscholar
An evaluation of different methods to investigate root system architecture of urban trees in situ. I. Ground penetrating radar. Journal of Arboriculture 28-1: 1-9.
Gscholar
(218)
Sukatchev VN (1958)
Forest biogeocenology and its importance for agriculture. Akademia nauk SSSR, Lenigrad, Russia, pp. 573. [in Russian]
Gscholar
Forest biogeocenology and its importance for agriculture. Akademia nauk SSSR, Lenigrad, Russia, pp. 573. [in Russian]
Gscholar
(219)
(220)
Tatarinov F, Cermák J, Kucera J, Prax A (2000)
Transpiration of spruce in a mature plantation in Drahanska Vrchovina uplands, Moravia. I. Variation between individual trees. Ekologia 19 (Suppl 1): 48-62.
Gscholar
Transpiration of spruce in a mature plantation in Drahanska Vrchovina uplands, Moravia. I. Variation between individual trees. Ekologia 19 (Suppl 1): 48-62.
Gscholar
(221)
(222)
(223)
(224)
(225)
Tognetti R, Raschi A, Nadezhdina N, Cermak J (2003)
Stand structure and foliage distribution patterns in individual trees of Quercus pubescens and Quercus cerris forests in Tuscany (central Italy). In: Proceedings of the “5th International Workshop on Measuring Sap Flow in Intact Plants” (Tognetti R, Raschi A eds). Florence (Italy), 09-10 Nov 2000. Fondazione per la Meteorologia Applicata, Campi Bisenzio, Firenze, Italy, pp. 1-27.
Gscholar
Stand structure and foliage distribution patterns in individual trees of Quercus pubescens and Quercus cerris forests in Tuscany (central Italy). In: Proceedings of the “5th International Workshop on Measuring Sap Flow in Intact Plants” (Tognetti R, Raschi A eds). Florence (Italy), 09-10 Nov 2000. Fondazione per la Meteorologia Applicata, Campi Bisenzio, Firenze, Italy, pp. 1-27.
Gscholar
(226)
(227)
Tselniker YL, Malkina IS (1992)
Structural and functional characteristics of pine and spruce needles depending on shoot length. Inst For, Acad Sci Russ, Uspenskoye, Russia. Lesovedenie (5): 46-55. [in Russian]
Gscholar
Structural and functional characteristics of pine and spruce needles depending on shoot length. Inst For, Acad Sci Russ, Uspenskoye, Russia. Lesovedenie (5): 46-55. [in Russian]
Gscholar
(228)
Turc L (1961)
Evaluation des besoins en eau d’irrigation, evapotranspiration potentielle [Assessment of the needs of irrigation water, potential evapotranspiration]. Annales Agronomique 12: 13-49. [in French]
Gscholar
Evaluation des besoins en eau d’irrigation, evapotranspiration potentielle [Assessment of the needs of irrigation water, potential evapotranspiration]. Annales Agronomique 12: 13-49. [in French]
Gscholar
(229)
Ulehla V (1947)
Let’s feed water sources - about suffering of our forests. Státní zemedelské nakladatelství, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 164. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Let’s feed water sources - about suffering of our forests. Státní zemedelské nakladatelství, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 164. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(230)
(231)
Urban J, Cermák J, Ceulemans R (2014)
Spatial distribution of above- and below-ground biomass, surface area, volume and water in a mature Scots pine stand. Trees [in press].
Gscholar
Spatial distribution of above- and below-ground biomass, surface area, volume and water in a mature Scots pine stand. Trees [in press].
Gscholar
(232)
Vacek S, Simon J (2007)
Forest management measures in widely structured and near to nature forests. Publ house Lesnická práce s.r.o., Czech Republic, pp. 448. [in Czech]
Gscholar
Forest management measures in widely structured and near to nature forests. Publ house Lesnická práce s.r.o., Czech Republic, pp. 448. [in Czech]
Gscholar
(233)
(234)
Viewegh J, Kusbach A, Mikeška M (2003)
Czech forest ecosytem classification. Journal of Forest Science 49 (2): 74-82.
Gscholar
Czech forest ecosytem classification. Journal of Forest Science 49 (2): 74-82.
Gscholar
(235)
Vyskot M (1976)
Tree story biomass in lowland forests in South Moravia. Proceedings of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Academia, Prague, Czech Republic, vol. 86, pp. 170.
Gscholar
Tree story biomass in lowland forests in South Moravia. Proceedings of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Academia, Prague, Czech Republic, vol. 86, pp. 170.
Gscholar
(236)
Vyskot M (1981)
Biomass of the tree layer of a spruce forest in the Bohemian Upland. Academia, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 400.
Gscholar
Biomass of the tree layer of a spruce forest in the Bohemian Upland. Academia, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 400.
Gscholar
(237)
Vyskot M (1982)
Larix decidua in biomass. Proceedings of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Academia, Prague, Czech Republic, vol. 92, pp. 400.
Gscholar
Larix decidua in biomass. Proceedings of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Academia, Prague, Czech Republic, vol. 92, pp. 400.
Gscholar
(238)
Walker BH (1994)
Landscape to regional scale responses of terrestrial ecosystems to global change. Ambio 23: 67-73.
Gscholar
Landscape to regional scale responses of terrestrial ecosystems to global change. Ambio 23: 67-73.
Gscholar
(239)
Waring RH, Running SW (1998)
Forest ecosystems, analysis at multiple scales. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 370.
Gscholar
Forest ecosystems, analysis at multiple scales. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 370.
Gscholar
(240)
(241)
Wielopolski L, Hendry G, Daniels J, McGuigan M (2000)
Imaging tree root systems in situ. In: Proceedings of the “8th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar” (Noon DA, Stickley GF, Longstaff D eds). SPIE, Washington, DC, USA, vol. 4084, pp. 642-646.
Gscholar
Imaging tree root systems in situ. In: Proceedings of the “8th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar” (Noon DA, Stickley GF, Longstaff D eds). SPIE, Washington, DC, USA, vol. 4084, pp. 642-646.
Gscholar
(242)
Williams M, Rastetter EB, Fernandes DN, Goulden ML, Wofsy SC, Shaver GR, Melillo JM, Munger JW, Fan SM, Nadelhoffer KJ (1996)
Modeling the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum in a Quercus-Acer stand at Harvard Forest: the regulation of stomatal conductance by light, nitrogen and soil/plant hydraulic properties. Plant, Cell and Environment 19: 911-927.
CrossRef | Gscholar
Modeling the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum in a Quercus-Acer stand at Harvard Forest: the regulation of stomatal conductance by light, nitrogen and soil/plant hydraulic properties. Plant, Cell and Environment 19: 911-927.
CrossRef | Gscholar
(243)
(244)
Zavarin E (1968a)
Monoterpenoids in coniferales. Bull Int Assoc Wood Anat 1, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland, vol. 1, pp. 3-12.
Gscholar
Monoterpenoids in coniferales. Bull Int Assoc Wood Anat 1, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland, vol. 1, pp. 3-12.
Gscholar
(245)
(246)
(247)
Zlatník A, Pelikán J, Stolina M (1973)
Fundamentals of ecology. SZN, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 270.
Gscholar
Fundamentals of ecology. SZN, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 270.
Gscholar
Related Content
Links between phenology and ecophysiology in a European beech forest
Urban J, Bednárová E, Plichta R, Gryc V, Vavrčík H, Hacura J, Fajstavr M, Kučera J
Vol. 8, pp. 438-447 (online: Aug 2015)
Urban J, Bednárová E, Plichta R, Gryc V, Vavrčík H, Hacura J, Fajstavr M, Kučera J
Vol. 8, pp. 438-447 (online: Aug 2015)
Electrochemical in-situ studies of solar mediated oxygen transport and turnover dynamics in a tree trunk of Tilia cordata
Tötzke C, Cermak J, Nadezhdina N, Tributsch H
Vol. 10, pp. 355-361 (online: Apr 2017)
Tötzke C, Cermak J, Nadezhdina N, Tributsch H
Vol. 10, pp. 355-361 (online: Apr 2017)
Relationship between volatile organic compounds released and growth of Cunninghamia lanceolata roots under low-phosphorus conditions
Lai H, Wu K, Wang N, Wu W, Zou X, Ma X, Wu P
Vol. 11, pp. 713-720 (online: Dec 2018)
Lai H, Wu K, Wang N, Wu W, Zou X, Ma X, Wu P
Vol. 11, pp. 713-720 (online: Dec 2018)
Evaluation of fast growing tree water use under different soil moisture regimes using wick lysimeters
Mantovani D, Veste M, Badorreck A, Freese D
Vol. 6, pp. 190-200 (online: Aug 2013)
Mantovani D, Veste M, Badorreck A, Freese D
Vol. 6, pp. 190-200 (online: Aug 2013)
Allometric relationships for predicting the stem volume in a Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. plantation in Bangladesh
Khan MNI, Faruque O
Vol. 3, pp. 153-158 (online: Nov 2010)
Khan MNI, Faruque O
Vol. 3, pp. 153-158 (online: Nov 2010)
Energy production of poplar clones and their energy use efficiency
Jamnická G, Petrášová V, Petráš R, Mecko J, Oszlányi J
Vol. 7, pp. 150-155 (online: Jun 2014)
Jamnická G, Petrášová V, Petráš R, Mecko J, Oszlányi J
Vol. 7, pp. 150-155 (online: Jun 2014)
Extreme climatic events, biotic interactions and species-specific responses drive tree crown defoliation and mortality in Italian forests
Bussotti F, Papitto G, Di Martino D, Cocciufa C, Cindolo C, Cenni E, Bettini D, Iacopetti G, Ghelardini L, Moricca S, Panzavolta T, Bracalini M, Pollastrini M
Vol. 17, pp. 300-308 (online: Oct 2024)
Bussotti F, Papitto G, Di Martino D, Cocciufa C, Cindolo C, Cenni E, Bettini D, Iacopetti G, Ghelardini L, Moricca S, Panzavolta T, Bracalini M, Pollastrini M
Vol. 17, pp. 300-308 (online: Oct 2024)
Effect of family, crown position, number of winter buds, fresh weight and the length of needle on rooting ability of Pinus thunbergii Parl. cuttings
Hakamata T, Hiraoka Y, Yamamoto S, Kato K
Vol. 9, pp. 370-374 (online: Jun 2016)
Hakamata T, Hiraoka Y, Yamamoto S, Kato K
Vol. 9, pp. 370-374 (online: Jun 2016)
Methods to inventory and strip thin in dense stands of aspen root suckers
Headlee WL, Hall RB
Vol. 8, pp. 590-595 (online: Oct 2015)
Headlee WL, Hall RB
Vol. 8, pp. 590-595 (online: Oct 2015)
Estimation of stand crown cover using a generalized crown diameter model: application for the analysis of Portuguese cork oak stands stocking evolution
Paulo JA, Faias SP, Ventura-Giroux C, Tomé M
Vol. 9, pp. 437-444 (online: Jun 2016)
Paulo JA, Faias SP, Ventura-Giroux C, Tomé M
Vol. 9, pp. 437-444 (online: Jun 2016)
