Life cycle assessment of tannin extraction from spruce bark

doi:10.3832/ifor2342-010

Life cycle assessment of tannin extraction from spruce bark

Tianran Ding^(1-3), Sauro Bianchi⁽²⁾, Christelle Ganne-Chédeville⁽²⁾, Petri Kilpeläinen⁽¹⁾, Antti Haapala⁽³⁾, Tarmo Räty⁽¹⁾

iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, Volume 10, Issue 5, Pages 807-814 (2017)
doi: https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor2342-010
Published: Sep 25, 2017 - Copyright © 2017 SISEF

Research Articles

Collection/Special Issue: COST action FP1407
Understanding wood modification through an integrated scientific and environmental impact approach
Guest Editors: Giacomo Goli, Andreja Kutnar, Dennis Jones, Dick Sandberg

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Tannins have shown antifungal effects and have been considered a potential natural compound for wood preservation. Extracts produced from softwood bark contain both tannins and non-tannin compounds, which may reduce the effectiveness of tannin used as a wood preservative. The purpose of this research is to study the environmental impact of hot water extraction, identify the hot spots within the tannin cradle-to-gate life cycle and give suggestions to optimize its environmental profile. Different extraction and post-extraction scenarios of tannin production are compared using the life-cycle assessment method. Experiments were designed to study the tannin yield under different extraction scenarios; the post-extraction scenario analysis was based on literature review. The results show that the extract drying process is the primary contributor to the environmental impact of tannin production. Both preliminary cold water extraction and ultrafiltration after extraction are beneficial as they have fewer non-tannin compounds in the final products; however, preliminary cold water extraction had a considerably lower environmental performance. Successive extractions using fresh water at each cycle increased the total tannin yield, but increased the environmental burden. Using only evaporation to obtain a desired tannin concentration is not environmentally efficient. This paper provides a quantified environmental analysis for the development of tannin-treated wood products and discusses the different tannin extraction scenarios from an environmental point of view.

Keywords

LCA, Tannin, Spruce Bark, Hot Water Extraction, Evaporation, Spray Drying, Ultrafiltration, Preservative

Authors’ address

(1)

Natural Resources Institute Finland - Luke, Helsinki (Finland)

(2)

Bern University of Applied Sciences, Institute for Materials and Wood Technology, Biel (Switzerland)

(3)

University of Eastern Finland, School of Forestry, PO Box 111, 80101 Joensuu (Finland)

Corresponding author

Tarmo Räty
tarmo.raty@luke.fi

Citation

Ding T, Bianchi S, Ganne-Chédeville C, Kilpeläinen P, Haapala A, Räty T (2017). Life cycle assessment of tannin extraction from spruce bark. iForest 10: 807-814. - doi: 10.3832/ifor2342-010

Academic Editor

Giacomo Goli

Paper history

Received: Jan 02, 2017
Accepted: Jun 13, 2017

First online: Sep 25, 2017
Publication Date: Oct 31, 2017
Publication Time: 3.47 months

Open Access

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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