Effect of tree age on chemical compounds of ancient Anatolian black pine (Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana) needles in Northwest Turkey

doi:10.3832/ifor2665-011

Effect of tree age on chemical compounds of ancient Anatolian black pine (Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana) needles in Northwest Turkey

Nezahat Turfan⁽¹⁾, Mehtap Alay⁽¹⁾, Temel Sariyildiz⁽²⁾

iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, Volume 11, Issue 3, Pages 406-410 (2018)
doi: https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor2665-011
Published: May 15, 2018 - Copyright © 2018 SISEF

Technical Notes

PDF Version

Full Text

Citation

Geo-mapping

Plant primary and secondary metabolites are chemical compounds synthesized for essential functions, such as growth and development (primary metabolites), and specific functions, such as pollinator attraction or defense against herbivory (secondary metabolites). Their concentrations in plants are genetically determined, but are also affected by environmental factors. Among these factors, plant age has been reported to influence plant chemical compounds under similar environmental conditions. We aimed to investigate the chemical compounds of ancient Anatolian black pine (Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana) needles from trees of different ages. Needles of over 500-, 200-, 100-, 50-, and 25-year-old black pine trees growing under similar environmental conditions were sampled and analyzed for photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids), proline, total soluble protein, glucose, sucrose, total soluble sugar, peroxidation level (MDA-malondialdehyde), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and antioxidants such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Significant differences for chemical composition associated with age were found. In general, results showed that over 500-year-old Anatolian black pine had the highest proline, total soluble protein, H₂O₂, sucrose, total soluble carbohydrates, APX, CAT and SOD concentrations, whereas they had the lowest chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, total carotenoid and glucose concentrations. However, 200-year-old trees had the highest glucose, but the lowest chlorophyll b, proline, H₂O₂ and total soluble carbohydrates. 50- and 25-year-old trees together showed the highest chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll, total carotenoid and MDA, but lowest total soluble protein and sucrose. In conclusion, these results provide valuable insight into the chemical composition of Anatolian black pine needles in relation to their age, and can be used for complementing studies on tree growth-defence relationships.

Keywords

Ancient Trees, Anatolian Black Pine, Chemical Composition, Turkey

Authors’ address

(1)

Kastamonu University, Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Biology, 37100 Kastamonu (Turkey)

(2)

Bursa Technical University, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Engineering, 16310 Bursa (Turkey)

Corresponding author

Temel Sariyildiz
temel.sariyildiz@btu.edu.tr

Citation

Turfan N, Alay M, Sariyildiz T (2018). Effect of tree age on chemical compounds of ancient Anatolian black pine (Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana) needles in Northwest Turkey. iForest 11: 406-410. - doi: 10.3832/ifor2665-011

Academic Editor

Silvano Fares

Paper history

Received: Oct 25, 2017
Accepted: Jan 30, 2018

First online: May 15, 2018
Publication Date: Jun 30, 2018
Publication Time: 3.50 months

Open Access

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Breakdown by View Type

(Waiting for server response...)

Article Usage

Total Article Views: 45258
(from publication date up to now)

Breakdown by View Type
HTML Page Views: 38635
Abstract Page Views: 3436
PDF Downloads: 2510
Citation/Reference Downloads: 7
XML Downloads: 670

Web Metrics
Days since publication: 2382
Overall contacts: 45258
Avg. contacts per week: 133.00

Article Citations

Article citations are based on data periodically collected from the Clarivate Web of Science web site
(last update: Feb 2023)

Total number of cites (since 2018): 6
Average cites per year: 1.00

(no Plumx Metrics available for this paper)

Publication Metrics

by Dimensions ^©

Articles citing this article

List of the papers citing this article based on CrossRef Cited-by.

(1)

Arnon DI (1949)
Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenol oxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology 24: 1-15.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(2)

Atalay I, Efe R (2012)
Ecological attributes and distribution of Anatolian black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold. subsp. pallasiana Lamb. Holmboe) in Turkey. Journal of Environmental Biology 33: 509-519.
Gscholar

(3)

Bates LS, Waldern RP, Teare ID (1973)
Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil 39: 205-207.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(4)

Bergmeyer J, Grabl M (1983)
Methoden der enzymatischen analyse [Methods of enzymatic analysis]. Akademie Verlag 1: 190-302. [in German]
Gscholar

(5)

Bond BJ, Czarnomski NM, Cooper C, Day ME, Michael SG (2007)
Development decline in height growth in Douglas-fir. Tree Physiology 27: 441-453.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(6)

Bradford M (1976)
A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry 72 (1-2): 248-254.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(7)

Cakmak I (1994)
Activity of ascorbate-dependent H₂O₂-scavenging enzymes and leaf chlorosis are enhanced in magnesium and potassium deficient leaves, but not in phosphorus deficient leaves. Journal of Experimental Botany 45: 1259-1266.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(8)

Duran C (2017)
Local distribution of the temperature and precipitation in Kastamonu province and surrounding. The Journal of International Social Research 10 (52): 509-516.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(9)

Gower ST, McMurtrie RE, Murty D (1996)
Aboveground net primary production decline with stand age: potential causes. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 11: 378-382.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(10)

Greenwood MS, Day ME, Schatz J (2010)
Separating the effects of tree size and meristem maturation on shoot development of grafted scions of red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.). Tree Physiology 30: 459-468.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(11)

Heuer B (1999)
Osmoregulatory role of proline in plants exposed to environmental stressed. In: “Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress”(Pessarakli M ed). Marcel Dekker, New York, USA, pp. 675-695.
Gscholar

(12)

Ito H, Takaichi S, Tsuji H, Tanaka A (1994)
Properties of synthesis of chlorophyll a from chlorophyll b in cucumber etioplasts. Journal of Biological Chemistry 269: 22034-22038.
Online | Gscholar

(13)

Koch GW, Sillett SC, Jennings GM, Davis SD (2004)
The limits of tree height. Nature 428: 851-854.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(14)

Köstner B, Falge E, Tenhunen JD (2002)
Age-related effects on leaf area/sapwood area relationships, canopy transpiration and carbon gain of Norway spruce stands (Picea abies) in the Fichtelgebirge, Germany. Tree Physiology 22: 567-574.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(15)

Lutts S, Kinet JM, Bouharmont J (1996)
NaCl-induced senescence in leaves of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars differing in salinity resistance. Annals of Botany 78: 389-398.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(16)

Mirkovic T, Ostroumov EE, Anna JM, Van Grondelle R, Govindjee Van G, Scholes GD (2017)
Light absorption and energy transfer in the antenna complexes of photosynthetic organisms. Chemical Reviews 117: 249-29.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(17)

Nakano Y, Asada K (1981)
Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts. Plant Cell Physiology 22 (5): 867-880.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(18)

Niinemets U (2002)
Stomatal conductance alone does not explain the decline in foliar photosynthetic rates with increasing tree age and size in Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris. Tree Physiology 22: 515-535.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(19)

Ohtsuka T, Ito H, Tanaka A (1997)
Conversion of chlorophyll b to chlorophyll a and the assembly of chlorophyll with apoproteins by isolated chloroplasts. Plant Physiology 113: 137-147.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(20)

Paungfoo-Lonhienne C, Lonhienne TGA, Rentsch D, Robinson N, Christie M, Webb RI (2008)
Plants can use protein as nitrogen source without assistance from other organisms. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 105: 4524-9.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(21)

Pearson D, Melon HK, Ronald S (1976)
Chemical analysis of food (8th edn). Churchill Livingstone, London and New York, pp. 5-63.
Gscholar

(22)

Peichl M, Arain MA (2006)
Above and below ground ecosystem biomass and carbon pools in an age-sequence of temperate pine plantation forests. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 140: 51-63.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(23)

Ray P, Huang BW, Tsuji Y (2012)
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and redox regulation in cellular signalling. Cell Signal 24: 981-990.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(24)

Renaud JP, Mauffette Y (1991)
The relationships of crown dieback with carbohydrate content and growth of sugar maple (Acer saccharum). Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21: 1111-1118.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(25)

Ritchie GA, Keeley JW (1994)
Maturation in Douglas-fir: I. Changes in stem, branch and foliage characteristics associated with ontogenetic aging. Tree Physiology 14: 1245-1259.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(26)

Ros Barceló A (1998)
Hydrogen peroxide production is a general property of the lignifying xylem from vascular plants. Annals of Botany 82: 97-103.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(27)

Rossi S, Deslauriers A, Anfodillo T, Carrer M (2008)
Age-dependent xylogenesis in timberline conifers. New Phytologist 177: 199-208.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(28)

Sariyildiz T, Anderson JM (2006)
Intra-specific variation in cell wall constituents of needle age classes of Pinus sylvestris in relation to soil fertility status in Southwest England. Silva Fennica 40 (1): 15-26.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(29)

Spiteller G (2003)
The relationship between cell wall, lipid peroxidation, proliferation, senescence and cell death. Physiologia Plantarum 119: 5-18.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(30)

Teeri TH, Simola LK (2002)
Lignification related enzymes in Picea abies suspension cultures. Physiologia Plantarum 114: 343-353.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(31)

Valladares F, Niinemets U (2008)
Shade tolerance, a key plant feature of complex nature and consequences. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 39: 237-257.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(32)

Velikova V, Yordanov I, Edreva A (2000)
Oxidative stress and some antioxidant systems in acid rain-treated bean plants: protective roles of exogenous polyamines. Plant Science 151: 59-66.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(33)

Witham FH, Blaydes DF, Devli RM (1971)
Experiments in plant physiology. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, USA, pp. 55-56.
Gscholar

iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry

Contents

Search

Journal Info

Journal Subjects and Fields

For Authors

For Reviewers

For Readers

SISEF Publishing

Search iForest Contents