Carbon storage in degraded cork oak (Quercus suber) forests on flat lowlands in Morocco

doi:10.3832/ifor1364-008

Carbon storage in degraded cork oak (Quercus suber) forests on flat lowlands in Morocco

Hayat Oubrahim⁽¹⁾ , Mohamed Boulmane⁽²⁾, Mark R Bakker^(3-4), Laurent Augusto^(3-4), Mohammed Halim⁽¹⁾

iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 125-137 (2015)
doi: https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor1364-008
Published: Aug 08, 2015 - Copyright © 2015 SISEF

Research Articles

PDF Version

Full Text

Citation

Geo-mapping

The present study aims to quantify the carbon stored in a degraded cork oak (Quercus suber L.) ecosystem in the north west of Morocco, in view of potential management implications. To this end, carbon stocks were evaluated in the first 100 cm of the soil, the cork oak trees, and the understorey species (both above- and belowground). Results show that the total carbon stocks in the cork oak ecosystem ranges from 65 to 237 Mg ha^-1 with a mean value of 121 Mg ha^-1. The first 100 cm of the soil (including the forest floor) represents the largest carbon pool (~51% of the total organic carbon) of the ecosystem. Tree biomass (above- and belowground tissues of cork oak) represents the second largest pool (47%), whereas the contribution of the understorey is less than 2%. Within the first 100 cm of the soil, over 87% of all the soil organic carbon is situated in the first 40 cm of the soil depth. The amount of carbon stored here ranges from 30 to 110 Mg ha^-1and these organic carbon stocks vary considerably with the stand basal area of the cork oak (R² = 0.82). In practice, the carbon stocks of the different pools considered are strongly correlated with the stand density of the cork oak stands. In the semi-arid forest ecosystems of our study, management prescriptions aiming at increasing the standing biomass of the cork oak should thus considerably contribute, both directly through tree biomass and indirectly through increased soil organic matter, to efficient carbon sequestration.

Keywords

Quercus suber, Mamora, Carbon Storage, Biomass, Litter and Soil

Authors’ address

(1)

Université Mohammed V Agdal - Faculté des Sciences- Rabat, Address: 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta B.P. 1014 RP, 10000 Rabat (Morocco)

(2)

Laboratoire de Pédologie, Centre de Recherche Forestière, B.P. 763, Av. Omar Ibn Khattab Agdal-Rabat, 10000 Rabat (Morocco)

(3)

Bordeaux Sciences Agro, UMR 1391 ISPA, F-33170 Gradignan (France)

(4)

INRA, UMR 1391 ISPA, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon (France)

Corresponding author

Hayat Oubrahim
h.oubrahim@gmail.com

Citation

Oubrahim H, Boulmane M, Bakker MR, Augusto L, Halim M (2015). Carbon storage in degraded cork oak (Quercus suber) forests on flat lowlands in Morocco. iForest 9: 125-137. - doi: 10.3832/ifor1364-008

Academic Editor

Giorgio Matteucci

Paper history

Received: May 30, 2014
Accepted: Mar 30, 2015

First online: Aug 08, 2015
Publication Date: Feb 21, 2016
Publication Time: 4.37 months

Open Access

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Breakdown by View Type

(Waiting for server response...)

Article Usage

Total Article Views: 52468
(from publication date up to now)

Breakdown by View Type
HTML Page Views: 42597
Abstract Page Views: 3230
PDF Downloads: 5232
Citation/Reference Downloads: 27
XML Downloads: 1382

Web Metrics
Days since publication: 3393
Overall contacts: 52468
Avg. contacts per week: 108.25

Article Citations

Article citations are based on data periodically collected from the Clarivate Web of Science web site
(last update: Feb 2023)

Total number of cites (since 2016): 21
Average cites per year: 2.63

(no Plumx Metrics available for this paper)

Publication Metrics

by Dimensions ^©

Articles citing this article

List of the papers citing this article based on CrossRef Cited-by.

(1)

Aafi A, Achhal EL Kadmiri A, Benabid A, Rouchdi M (2005a)
Richesse et diversité floristique de la subéraie de la Mamora (Maroc) [Floristic richness and diversity of the cork oak forest of Mamora (Morocco)]. Acta Botanica Malacitana 30: 127-138. [in French]
Online | Gscholar

(2)

Aafi A, Achhal EL Kadmiri A, Benabid A, Rouchdi M (2005b)
Utilisation des images satellitaires SPOT pour la cartographie des types de peuplements de la forêt de la Mamora (Maroc) [Using SPOT satellite images for mapping types of stands in the forest of Mamora (Morocco)]. Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et Télédétection 178 (2): 30-35. [in French]
Gscholar

(3)

Aafi A (2007)
Etude de la diversité floristique de l’écosystème de Chêne-liège de la forêt de la Maamora [Study of the floral diversity of the ecosystem of Cork oak forest of Maamora]. Thèse de Doctorat D’Etat Es-Sc Agronomiques, Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Rabat, Maroc, pp. 190. [in French]
Online | Gscholar

(4)

Aafi A, Benabid A, El Kadmiri Achhal A (2008)
Caractérisation de la subéraie de la Mamora: flore, phytocénose, structure-architecture et cartographie [Characterization of the cork oak forest of Mamora: flora, plant community structure, architecture and mapping]. Annales de la Recherche Forestière au Maroc 39: 21-35. [in French]
Online | Gscholar

(5)

Anne P (1945)
Sur le dosage rapide du carbone organique des sols [The rapid assay of soil organic carbon]. Annales Agronomiques 2: 161-172. [in French]
Gscholar

(6)

Ares A, Neill AR, Puettmann KJ (2010)
Understory abundance, species diversity and functional attribute response to thinning in coniferous stands. Forest Ecology and Management 260: 1104-1113.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(7)

Arrouays D, Deslais W, Daroussin J, Balesdent J, Dupouey JL, Nys C, Badeau V, Belkacem S (1999)
Stocks de carbone dans les sols de France: quelles estimations? [Carbon stocks in soils of France: which estimates?] CRAAF, Vol 85, N 6, Edition Académie des Sciences Française, Paris, France, pp. 278-292. [in French]
Gscholar

(8)

Augusto L, Bakker MR, De Lavaissiere C, Jordan Meille L, Saur E (2009)
Estimation of nutrient content of woody plants using allometric relationships: quantifying the difference between concentration values from the literature and actuals. Forestry 82: 463-477.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(9)

Augusto L, Bakker MR, Morel C, Meredieu C, Trichet P, Badeau V, Arrouays D, Plassard C, Achat DL, Gallet-Budynek A, Merzeau D, Canteloup D, Najar M, Ranger J (2010)
Is “grey literature” a reliable source of data to characterize soils at the scale of a region? A case study in a maritime pine forest in southwestern France. European Journal of Soil Science 61: 807-822.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(10)

Baritz R, Seufert G, Montanarella L, Van Ranst E (2010)
Carbon concentrations and stocks in forest soils of Europe. Forest Ecology and Management 260: 262-277.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(11)

Batjes NH (1996)
Total carbon and nitrogen in the soils of the world. European Journal of Soil Science 47: 151-163.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(12)

Belkacem S, Nys C, Dupouey JL (1998)
Evaluation des stocks de carbone dans les sols forestiers: importance de la sylviculture et du milieu sur la variabilité [Assessment of carbon stocks in forest soils: the importance of forestry and environment on the variability]. INRA/DPE, Agriges, Ministère del l’environnement no. 6, 95/329/P00006, Paris, France, pp. 68. [in French]
Gscholar

(13)

Benabid A (2000)
Flore et écosystèmes du Maroc: evaluation et préservation de la biodiversité [Morocco’s flora and ecosystems assessment and conservation of biodiversity]. Ibis Press, Paris, France, pp. 359. [in French]
Gscholar

(14)

Benabid A, Fennane M (1994)
Connaissances sur la végétation du Maroc: phytogéographie, phytosociologie et séries de végétation [Knowledge of Morocco’s vegetation phytogeography, phytosociology and vegetation series]. Lazaroa 14: 21-97. [in French]
Online | Gscholar

(15)

Bernoux M, Chevallier T, Cornet A (2013)
Le carbone dans les sols des zones sèches. Des fonctions multiples indispensables [Carbon in dryland soils. Required multiple functions]. Les dossiers thématiques du Comité Scientifique Français de la Désertification no. 10, CSFD/ Agropolis International, Montpellier, France, pp. 40. [in French]
Online | Gscholar

(16)

Boudy P (1952)
Guide du forestier en Afrique du Nord [Forester’s guide for North Africa]. La Maison Rustique, Paris, France, pp. 505. [in French]
Gscholar

(17)

Boulmane M, Halim M, El Antry-Tazi S, Berred K, El Harchaoui H (2008)
Evaluation du stock du carbone et dynamique de la décomposition de la matière organique dans les sols de la Ma’mora [Rating carbon stock and dynamics of decomposition of organic matter in the soils of Ma’mora]. Annales de la Recherche Forestière au Maroc 39: 185-194. [in French]
Online | Gscholar

(18)

Boulmane M (2010)
Estimation du stock du carbone et des éléments nutritifs dans les Quercus rotundifolia du moyen atlas marocain et étude de la dynamique de décomposition de sa litière [Estimation of carbon stock and nutrients in Quercus rotundifolia of the middle Moroccan Atlas and study of the dynamics of the litter decomposition]. Ph.D. thesis, Département de Chimie, Université Mohammed V-Agdal Rabat, Maroc, pp. 211. [in French]
Online | Gscholar

(19)

Boulmane M, Makhloufi M, Bouillet JP, Saint-André L, Satrani B, Halim M, El Antry S (2010)
Estimation du stock de carbone organique dans les Quercus ilex du Moyen Atlas Marocain [Estimated organic carbon stock in the Quercus ilex Moroccan Middle Atlas]. Acta Botanica Gallica 157: 451-467. [in French]
CrossRef | Gscholar

(20)

Boulmane M, Santa Regina I, Khia AR, Oubrahim H (2014)
Estimation du stock de carbone organique dans les iliçaies du Moyen Atlas marocain [Estimated organic carbon stock in holm oak forests of the Middle Moroccan Atlas]. Nature and Technologie 11: 6-16. [in French]
Gscholar

(21)

Bouma J, Batjes NH, Groot JJR (1998)
Exploring land quality effects on world food supply. Geoderma 86: 43-59.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(22)

Bravo F, Bravo-Oviedo A, Diaz-Balteiro L (2008)
Carbon sequestration in Spanish Mediterranean forests under two management alternatives: a modeling approach. European Journal of Forest Research 127: 225-234.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(23)

Cerri CEP, Easter M, Paustian K, Killian K, Coleman K, Bernoux M, Falloon P, Powlson DS, Batjes N, Milne E, Cerri CC (2007)
Simulating SOC changes in 11 land use change chronosequences from the Brazilian Amazon with Roth-C and Century models. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment 1: 1-12.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(24)

Chiti T, Diaz-Pinès E, Rubio A (2012)
Soil organic carbon stock of conifers, broadleaf and evergreen broadleaf forests of Spain. Biology and Fertility of Soils 48 (17): 817-826.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(25)

Davi H, Dufrêne E, Granier A, Le Dantec V, Barbaroux C, François C, Bréda C (2005)
Modelling carbon and water cycles in a beech forest. Part II: Validation of the main processes from organ to stand scale. Ecological Modelling 1: 1-19.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(26)

De Graaff MA, Van Groenigen KJ, Six J, Hungate B, Van Kessel C (2006)
Interactions between plant growth and soil nutrient cycling under elevated CO₂: a meta-analysis. Global Change Biology 12: 2077-2091.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(27)

De Sousa E, El Antry S, Atay Kadiri Z, Abourouh M (2008)
Problématique des subéraies dans le bassin méditerranéen [Problem of cork forests in the Mediterranean Basin]. Annales de la Recherche Forestière au Maroc 39: 63-73. [in French]
Online | Gscholar

(28)

Diaz-Pinés E, Rubio A, Van Miegroet H, Montes F, Benito M (2011)
Does tree species composition control soil organic carbon pool in Mediterranean mountain forests? Forest Ecology and Management 262: 1895-1904.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(29)

Dijkstra F, Cheng W (2008)
Increased soil moisture content increases plant N uptake and the abundance of delta ¹⁵N in plant biomass. Plant and Soil 302 (1-2): 263-271.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(30)

Dixon RK, Brown S, Houghton RA, Solomon AM, Trexler MC, Wisniewski J (1994)
Carbon pools and fluxes of global forest ecosystems. Science 263 (5144): 185-190.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(31)

Drexhage M, Colin F (2001)
Estimating root system biomass from breast-height diameters. Forestry 74 (5): 491-497.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(32)

Droogers P, Bouma J (1997)
Soil survey input in exploratory modelling of sustainable management practice. Soil Science Society of America Journal 61: 1704-1710.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(33)

Ducroux R, Baptiste JP, Ciais P, Orr J (2001)
Limitation de l’effet de serre: synthèse des méthodes de captures et de stockages naturelles et artificielles du CO₂ [Limiting the greenhouse effect: synthesis of methods for catching and natural and artificial storage of CO₂]. Rapport ADEME-00-94-013, ADEME, Angers, France, pp. 51. [in French]
Gscholar

(34)

Dupouey JL, Pignard G, Badeau V, Thimonier A, Dhôte JF, Nepveu G, Bergès L, Augusto L, Belkacem S, Nys C (1999)
Stocks et flux de carbone dans les forêts françaises [Carbon stock and fluxes in French forests]. CRAAF, Edition Académie des Sciences Française, Paris, France, vol. 85, no. 6, pp. 278-292. [in French]
Gscholar

(35)

Dupouey JL, Pignard G, Badeau V, Thimonier A, Dhôte J-F, Nepveu G, Berges L, Augusto L, Belkacem S, Nys C (2000)
Stocks et flux de carbone dans les forêts françaises [Carbon stock and fluxes in French forests]. CRAAF, Edition Académie des Sciences Française, Paris, France, vol. 85, no. 6, pp. 278-292. [in French]
Gscholar

(36)

Eglin T (2005)
Impact de l’hydromorphie et la topographie sur la variabilité spatiale des stocks de carbone en forêt de Fougères (Ille-et-Vilaine) [Impact of waterlogging and topography on the spatial variability of carbon stocks in the forest of Fougères (Ille-et-Vilaine)]. Thèse Institut National Agronomique, Paris-Grignon, France, pp. 50. [in French]
Gscholar

(37)

El-Badri N, Abadie M (2000)
Observations on the dynamic of Diplodia mutila Fr apud Mont. development on the cork-oak, Quercus suber L, in Morocco. Cryptogamie Mycologie 21 (4): 235-248.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(38)

Elser JJ, Bracken MES, Cleland EE, Gruner DS, Harpole WS, Hillebrand H, Ngai JT, Seabloom EW, Shurin JB, Smith JE (2007)
Global analysis of nitrogen and phosphorus limitation of primary producers in freshwater marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Ecology Letters 10 (12): 1135-1142.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(39)

Emberger L (1939)
Aperçu général sur la végétation du Maroc. Commentaire de la carte phytogéographique du Maroc au 1/500 000 [Overview on the vegetation of Morocco. Commentary of the phytogeographical map of Morocco 1/500 000]. Veröffentlichungen des Geobotanischen Forschungsinstitutes Rübel in Zürich 14: 40-157. [in French]
Gscholar

(40)

Evans J, Fernandez IJ, Rustad LE, Norton SA (2001)
Methods for evaluating fractions in forest soil: a review. Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station Technical Bulletin 178: 34-45.
Online | Gscholar

(41)

FAO (2006)
Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005. Progress towards sustainable forest management. FAO Forestry Paper 147, FAO, Rome, Italy, pp. 320.
Online | Gscholar

(42)

FAO/IUSS (2006)
IUSS Working Group WRB World reference base for soil resources 2006 (2nd edn). World Soil Resources Reports no. 103, FAO, Rome, Italy, pp. 128.
Gscholar

(43)

Fischlin A, Midgley GF, Price JT, Leemans R, Gopal B, Turley C, Rounsevell MDA, Dube OP, Tarazona J, Velichko AA (2007)
Ecosystems, their properties, goods and services. In: “Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability” (Parry MLO, Canziani OF, Palutikof JP, Van Der Linden PJ, Hanson CE eds). Contribution of working group II to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 211-272.
Online | Gscholar

(44)

Gonzalez M, Augusto L, Gallet-Budynek A, Xue J, Yauschew-Raguenes N, Guyon D, Trichet P, Delerue F, Niollet S, Andreasson F, Achat DL, Bakker MR (2013)
Contribution of understory species to total ecosystem aboveground and belowground biomass in temperate Pinus pinaster Ait forests. Forest Ecology and Management 289: 38-47.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(45)

Ghaioule D, Lumaret JP, Rochat D, Maatouf N, Niogret J (2007)
Evaluation des dégats par les vers blancs (Coleoptera Scarabaeoidea) dans les parcelles de régénération du chêne-liège (Quercus suber L) en forêt de la Mamora (Maroc) et recherche de médiateurs chimiques pour une lutte biologique [Assessment of damage by white grubs (Coleoptera Scarabaeoidea) in regeneration plots of cork oak (Quercus suber L) in the forest of Mamora (Morocco) and research of chemical mediators for biological control]. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 43 (1): 1-8. [in French]
CrossRef | Gscholar

(46)

Hansen J, Sato M (2004)
Greenhouse gas growth rate. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 101: 16109-16114.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(47)

IPCC (2007)
Climate change 2007: a synthesis. Report Summary for Policymakers, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland, pp. 22.
Gscholar

(48)

IPCC (2013)
Climate change 2013: the physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Stocker TF, Qin D, Plattner G-K, Tignor M, Allen SK, Boschung J, Nauels A, Xia Y, Bex V, Midgley PM eds) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1535.
Gscholar

(49)

Jackson RB, Mooney HA, Schulze ED (1997)
A global budget for fine root biomass, surface area and nutrient contents. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 94: 7362-7366.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(50)

Jandl R, Lindner M, Vesterdal L, Bauwens B, Baritz R, Hagedorn F, Johnson DW, Minkkinen K, Byrne KA (2007)
How strongly can forest management influence soil carbon sequestration? Geoderma 137: 253-268.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(51)

Laaribya S (2006)
Il faut sauver la forêt de la Mamora (Maroc) [Saving the forest of Mamora (Morocco)]. Forêt Meditérraneenne 27 (1): 65-72. [in French]
Online | Gscholar

(52)

Laaribya S, Alaoui A, Gmira N, Gmira N (2013)
Contribution à l’évaluation de la pression pastorale dans la forêt de la Maamora. Parcours forestiers et surpaturage [Contribution to the assessment of grazing pressure in the forest of Maamora. Forest paths and overgrazing]. Nature et Technologie C- Sciences de l’Environnement 10: 39-50. [in French]
Gscholar

(53)

Lal R (2005)
Forest soils and carbon sequestration. Forest Ecology and Management 220: 242-258.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(54)

Laouina A, Aderghal M, Al Karkouri J, Antari M, Chaker M, Laghazi Y, Machmachi I, Machouri N, Nafaa R, Naïmi K, Nouira A, Sfa M (2010)
The efforts for cork oak forest management and their effects on soil conservation. Forest Systems 19 (2): 263-277.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(55)

Lecointe S, Nys C, Walter C, Forgeard F, Huet S, Recena P, Follain S (2005)
Estimation of carbon stocks in a beech forest (Fougères Forest): extrapolation from plots to the whole forest. Annals of Forest Science 25: 432-451.
Gscholar

(56)

Le Goff N, Ottorini JM (2001)
Root biomass and biomass increment in a beech (Fagus sylvatica L) stand in North-east France. Annals of Forest Science 58: 1-13.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(57)

Lepoutre B (1967)
Excursion au Maroc. Description des régions traversées. Chapitre VII: La Mamora [Excursion to Morocco. Description of the regions crossed. Chapter VII: The Mamora]. Les Cahiers de la Recherche Agronomique 1 (2): 279-295. [in French]
Gscholar

(58)

Lossaint P, Rapp M (1971)
Répartition de la matière organique, productivité et cycle des éléments minéraux dans des écosystèmes de climat méditerranéen. [Distribution of organic matter, productivity and cycling of mineral elements in Mediterranean ecosystems]. In: Proceedings of the Symposium “Productivity of forest ecosystems” (Duvigneaud P ed), Brussels (Belgium) 27-31 Oct 1969. UNESCO, Paris, France, pp. 597-617. [in French]
Gscholar

(59)

Lumaret R, Tryphon-Dionnet M, Michaud H, Sanuy A, Ipotesi E, Born C, Mir C (2005)
Phylogeographical variation of chloroplast DNA in cork oak (Quercus suber). Annals of Botany 96: 853-861.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(60)

MacDicken KG (1997)
A guide to monitoring carbon storage in forestry and agroforestry projects. Winrock International Arlington, VA, USA, pp. 87.
Gscholar

(61)

Makhloufi M, Abourouh M, El Harchaoui H (2008)
Structure du peuplement, tarifs de cubage et essais de traitements sylvicoles dans la subéraie de Chefchaouen [Stand structure, volume tables and tests of silvicultural treatments in cork oak forests of Chefchaouen]. Annales de la Recherche Forestière au Maroc 39: 175-177. [in French]
Online | Gscholar

(62)

Makipaa R, Karjalainen T, Pussinen A, Kellomaki S (1999)
Effects of climate change and nitrogen deposition on the carbon sequestration of a forest ecosystem in the boreal zone. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29 (10): 1490-1501.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(63)

Mao R, Zeng DH, Hu YL, Li LJ, Yang D (2010)
Soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in an age-sequence of poplar stands planted on marginal agricultural land in Northeast China. Plant and Soil 332 (1-2): 277-287.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(64)

Meersmans J, Van Wesemael B, Van Molle M (2009)
Determining soil organic carbon for agricultural soils: a comparison between the Walkley and Black and the dry combustion methods (north Belgium). Soil Use and Management 25 (4): 346-353.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(65)

Millikin CS, Bledsoe CS, Techlin J (1997)
Woody root biomass of 40 to 90 year-old blue oaks (Quercus douglasii) in western Sierra Nevada Foothills. In: Proceeding of the Symposium “Oak Woodland: Ecology, Management and Urban Interface Issues”. San Luis Obispo (CA, USA) 19-22 Mar 1996. General Technical Report PSW-GTR-160, USDA Forest Service, Albany, CA, USA, pp. 83-89.
Gscholar

(66)

Montes N, Bertaudière-Montes V, Badr W, Zaoui H, Gauquelin Th (2002)
Biomass and nutrient content of a semi-arid mountain ecosystem: the Juniperus thurifera L woodland of Azzaden Valley (Morocco). Forest Ecology and Management 166: 35-43.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(67)

Nadelhoffer KJ, Raich JW (1992)
Fine root production estimates and belowground carbon allocation in forest ecosystems. Ecology 73: 1139-1390.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(68)

Norby RJ, DeLucia EH, Gielen B, Calfapietra C, Giardina CP, King JS, Ledford J, McCarthy HR, Moore DJP, Ceulemans R, De Angelis P, Finzi AC, Karnosky DF, Kubiske ME, Lukac M, Pregitzer KS, Scarascia-Mugnozza GE, Schlesinger WH, Oren R (2005)
Forest response to elevated CO₂ is conserved across a broad range of productivity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 102: 18052-18056.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(69)

Pajot G (2006)
Approche économique de la fonction de séquestration de carbone par les forêts. Application au massif des Landes de Gascogne [Economic approach to carbon sequestration function by forests. Application to the forest range Landes de Gascogne]. Ph. D. thesis, Université Bordeaux IV, Bordeaux, France, pp. 266. [in French]
Gscholar

(70)

Pan Y, Birdsey RA, Fang J, Houghton R, Kauppi PE, Kurz WA, Phillips OL, Shvidenko A, Lewis SL, Canadell JG, Ciais P, Jackson RB, Pacala SW, McGuire AD, Piao S, Rautiainen A, Sitch S, Hayes D (2011)
A large and persistent carbon sink in the world’s forests. Science 333: 988-993.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(71)

Pansu M (2006)
Chimie du sol et modélisation du cycle du carbone et de l’azote [Soil chemistry and modeling of carbon and nitrogen cycles]. Thèse, Université de Bourgogne, Digione, France, pp. 210. [in French]
Online | Gscholar

(72)

Pardé J (1966)
Forêts et reboisements à haute productivité en France [High-productivity forests and reforestation in France]. Revue Forestière Française 18 (11): 718-724. [in French]
CrossRef | Gscholar

(73)

Peng C, Liu J, Apps M, Dang Q, Kurz W (2000)
Quantifying Ontario’s forest carbon budget. 1. Carbon stock and flux of forest ecosystems in 1990. Forest Research Report 158: 123-137.
Online | Gscholar

(74)

Peichl M, Arain AA (2006)
Above- and belowground ecosystem biomass and carbon pools in an age-sequence of temperate pine plantation forests. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 140: 51-63.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(75)

Porté AJ, Samalens JC, Dulhoste R, Teissier du Cros R, Bosc A, Meredieu C (2009)
Using cover measurements to estimate aboveground understory biomass in Maritime pine stands. Annals of Forest Science 66: 307-317.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(76)

Pulido-Fernández M, Schnabel S, Francisco J, Contador L, Mellado IM, Pérez Raúl O (2013)
Soil organic matter of Iberian open woodland rangelands as influenced by vegetation cover and land management. Catena 109: 13-24.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(77)

Rapp M, Santa-Regina I, Rico M, Gallego HA (1999)
Biomass, nutrient content, litterfall and nutrient return to the soil in Mediterranean oak forests. Forest Ecology and Management 119: 39-49.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(78)

Ritson P, Sochacki S (2003)
Measurement and prediction of biomass and carbon content of Pinus pinaster trees in farm forestry plantations, south-western Australia. Forest Ecology and Management 175: 103-117.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(79)

Robert M (2002)
Rapport sur les ressources en sols du monde [Report on the world’s soil resources]. FAO, Rome, Italy, pp. 76. [in French]
Gscholar

(80)

Rodríguez-Murillo JC (2001)
Organic carbon content under different types of land use and soil in peninsular Spain. Biology and Fertility of Soils 33: 53-61.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(81)

Rondeux M (1993)
La mesure des arbres et des peuplements forestiers [The measurement of trees and forest stands]. Les presses agronomiques de Gembloux, Gembloux, Belgium, pp. 544. [in French]
Online | Gscholar

(82)

Ruiz-Peinado R, Río M, Montero G (2011)
New models for estimating the carbon sink capacity of Spanish softwood species. Forest Systems 20: 176-188.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(83)

Ruiz-Peinado R, Montero G, Del Rio M (2012)
Biomass models to estimate carbon stocks for hardwood tree species. Forest Systems 21: 42-52.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(84)

Ruiz-Peinado R, Bravo-Oviedo A, Lopez-Senespleda E, Montero G, Rio M (2013)
Do thinnings influence biomass and soil carbon stocks in Mediterranean pinewoods? European Journal of Forest Research 132: 253-262.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(85)

Sabir M, Roose E (2002)
Effects of soil types and vegetal cover on soil carbon stock and runoff/erosion risks in the western Rif’s Mediterranean mountains (Morocco). Bulletin Réseau Erosion, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier 22: 144-154.
Gscholar

(86)

Sabo KE, Sieg CH, Hart SC, Bailey JD (2009)
The role of disturbance severity and canopy closure on standing crop of understory plant species in ponderosa pine stands in northern Arizona, USA. Forest Ecology and Management 257: 1656-1662.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(87)

SEIFN (2006)
Service de l’inventaire forestier national, haut commissariat aux eaux et forêts et à la lutte contre la désertification [National forestry inventory service, high commission for water and forests and the fight against desertification]. Rabat, Maroc, web site. [in French]
Online | Gscholar

(88)

Schlesinger WH (2000)
Soil respiration and the global carbon cycle. Biogeochemistry 48: 7-20.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(89)

Tirez K, Vanhoof C, Hofman S, Deproost P, Swerts M, Salomez J (2014)
Estimating the contribution of sampling, sample pretreatment, and analysis in the total uncertainty budget of agricultural soil pH and organic carbon monitoring. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 45 (7): 984-1002.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(90)

Vadeboncoeur MA, Hamburg SP, Yanai RD (2007)
Validation and refinement of allometric equations for roots at northern hardwoods. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37: 1777-1783.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(91)

Walkley J, Black W (1934)
An experimentation of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of chromic acid titration method. Soil Science 37: 29-38.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(92)

Yanai RD, Stehman SV, Arthur MA, Prescott CE, Friedland AJ, Siccama TG, Binkley D (2003)
Detecting change in forest floor carbon. Soil Science Society of America Journal 67: 1583-1593.
CrossRef | Gscholar

(93)

Yanai RD, Levine CR, Green MB, Campbell JL (2012)
Quantifying uncertainty in forest nutrient budgets. Journal of Forestry 110 (8): 448-456.
CrossRef | Gscholar

iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry

Contents

Search

Journal Info

Journal Subjects and Fields

For Authors

For Reviewers

For Readers

SISEF Publishing

Search iForest Contents